Course: Brand management
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. An entire generation of Indian TV
viewers grew up on some terrifying advertising. Cease Fire commercials had
conflagrations breaking out in urban settings as householders went about,
oblivious. And then there was the ad for Saffola, full of ambulance lights and
sirens, panic-stricken faces and heart rate monitors. The brand called itself
‘Life Insurance’, positioning the oil as a bulwark against heart disease. And
the strategy worked with Saffola being among the first brands to talk about
health — albeit in a very panic inducing manner. The longevity of the `1000
crore plus brand can be traced to that strong positioning. Chief marketing
officer, Anuradha Aggarwal says: “Very early in the journey, we found an
amazing, unique place of heart health. Someone with fore- sight chose to do
fear oriented ads and the rest, as they say, is history.” But only a small
chunk of history. Over the years, Saffola realised merely scaring consumers
into buying was perhaps not the best strategy. From fear it moved to convincing
at risk consumers to adopt better, healthier practices. Aggarwal says, “We
moved from pure fear to things that strike fear: the signs of the unhealthy
heart.”
The brand also acknowledged the
difficulty in getting people adopting a healthier lifestyle with its ‘Kal Se’
commercial about a serial procrastinator, who’d rather let his kid ride the
exercise cycle, or who changes into gym clothes only to fall asleep again.
However, consumers and the category were moving a lot faster than the brand.
Even as Saffola pitched itself to consumers showing the first signs of slowing
down, the broad trend was preventive: not allowing one or one’s family members
to get to that stage in the first place. Says Aggarwal, “We realised Saffola
was in danger of becoming the oil for the unhealthy as opposed to the oil for
people who want to be healthy and have an active, fit heart.” The brand is now
about a continuous investment in health. A strategy that’s driven its expan-
sion into adjacent categories. Saffola has the credibility required for
consumers to comfort- ably place its products on the dining table. Besides,
through variants like flavoured oats — a category that Saffola claims
leadership in — the brand can comfort- ably ride the everyday health wave.
Saffola is gunning for ` 200 crores in this space by 2018, according to its
2015-16 annual report. Says Aggarwal, “We are
market leaders in flavoured oats
because we’ve been cracked a fantastic product suitable for the Indian palate.”
Saffola continues to be the undisputed leader in premium health oil, according
to Aggarwal.
Even at a time when the affluent
Indian’s obsession with health is leading to them buy super premium olive oils
at two or three times the price. The brand is meeting the challenge with new
blends like Aura a combination of olive and flaxseed oil. On the communication
front, Saffola has moved past its scare mongering on TV. It runs its own website
fitfoodie which has healthy recipes of traditional favourites ratified by
nutritionists and dieticians. Under Saffola life, an initiative begun in 2005,
the brand pro- motes healthy lifestyles and organises heart health checks. When
asked how malleable the brand is, Aggrawal believes, “We’ve succeeded when
there was a fit and coherence and a fundamental difference from the rest of the
world. We are strongly positioned on proactive and preventive heart health, and
these conditions have to be met.” It also explains why variants like finger
food brand Zest failed. Says Aggarwal, “We needed a go to market that
understood impulse purchases and the product was not as good. After that, we’ve
made sure we have very hard internal guidelines for product development. Unless
we meet those standards, the products don’t go out.” Saffola’s brand journey
finds favour with an Indian marketer with considerable retail and FMCG
experience, who wishes to remain anonymous. He says, “Given there was no
awareness of health, Saffola used fear and people bought it. But now with the
entire country having a consciousness of health and gym culture coming in, it’s
the right transition.” He believes the expansions make sense given Marico’s two
flagships: Parachute and Saffola earn their spurs in categories where growth
potential is limited. And so, it’s necessary for Parachute to extend into skin
and body care and Saffola to take on a more overarching health plat- form. He
believes, “20 or 30 years ago, people worried about health only once they
discovered they had problems. Today, everyone is conscious of being healthy and
wanting to look young.” He however believes Saffola needs to make a stronger
play for the millennial demographic: “It’s seen as mama papa brand. But the 30
year and younger demographic are willing to pay premium. Brands need to change
with the world. Can it be health for youngsters or does it want to be an older
consumer’s health brand is an answer only Saffola can give.
(Source:https://brandequity.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/business-ofbrands/
the-saffola-story-from-scare-to-care/59765523)
Evaluate the positioning of Saffola
and discuss how the positioning strategy has led to the brands success.
Answer: Brands are everywhere in our life. A product is anything that
can be offered to a market for attention, use, or consumption that might
satisfy a need or want. A product is a physical good, service, retail store,
person, organisation, place, or idea. A brand helps the customer to distinguish
the goods of one producer from another. Let us understand the conceptual
meaning of the term brand. A person is known by a name. Likewise, a product is
known by a brand name, which enables the consumers to distinguish it from other
products. A brand name of a product or service means many things to a consumer.
It may mean a symbol of quality or it may be associated with his/her lifestyle.
In fact, consumers buy brand images rather than products. Certain brands strike
a chord as soon as the product is announced. For example, 'Coke' or 'Pepsi' as
a soft drink, 'Vicks vaporub' as a solution for cold, 'Dettol' as an antiseptic
for everyday scratches and cuts. These are a few illustrative examples to
signify the role of brands in consumer buying behaviour. Some brand images
remain in the consumers’ mind forever and they come to stand for an entire
range of ideas, sentiments, etc. This helps you to
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2. Bollywood star Salman Khan is
returning to the cola space after a gap of three years, this time to endorse brand
Pepsi, a move that has surprised a few experts. The two-year deal is estimated
at Rs 15 crore, two external industry officials said. A PepsiCo spokesperson
confirmed the signing up of Khan as new brand ambassador of Pepsi but declined
to confirm the financials of the deal. “The year 2020 will see brand Pepsi
create a scale 360-degree campaign that will reflect the self-confidence of
today's youth as effortless as Salman,” the person said. Brand Pepsi will base its summer 2020
campaign on Khan’s upcoming action comedy movie Dabangg 3, the spokesperson
said. A few marketing experts expressed surprise at the PepsiCo move,
considering Khan’s macho image vis-à-vis Pepsi’s more romantic, playful image,
plus the actor’s age and some controversies he has been associated with. To
amplify these efforts, Pepsi released the Har ghoont mein swag “anthem”
featuring Patani, Shroff and rapper Badshah. Released by T-Series the song is
available for streaming on YouTube, Gaana, Jio Saavn, Hungama, Amazon Prime
Music, Spotify, Wynk, iTunes and Apple Music. With music and dance covered,
next up was cricket. PepsiCo which has an on-going partnership with the Board
of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) leveraged its sport association during
India versus Australia series in February. There the swag symbol took center
stage in stadiums and on TV screens. Says Bhagat, “This allowed us to bring
music and cricket together as one popular music performer announced the
‘Swagster of the match’, after each match, during the India-Australia series.
For a ‘culture brand’, it is important to dive into all these three streams.”
Hooked or not?
“Even as the cola companies are
trying to move towards water and juices, the healthier drinks, the two
companies cannot give up on their mainstay brands just yet, that is, the
colas,” says Sunil Alagh, founder and chairman, SKA Advisors, a consultancy
firm. Alagh believes the use of social media allows these companies to keep
chatter alive around their main brands. Industry watchers believe this campaign
has helped Pepsi get its “mojo” back. Says brand consultant Harish Bijoor,
“Pepsi has reclaimed its position among the youth. Through the campaign Pepsi
can be seen talking to millennials in their language.” Former marketing
director, PepsiCo India, Vani Gupta Dandia agrees. “Using TikTok and music
streaming apps to release the anthem is a good way to extend the campaign. This
allowed Pepsi to rebuild its brand equity,” says Dandia. While the brand’s old
tagline ‘Yeh dil maange more’ might be tweaked to ‘Yeh dil maange more swag’,
what remains to be seen is how Pepsi’s newfound swagger converts to sales.
The Endgame
For categories like beverages, and
particularly colas, distribution is the make-or-break game. Under the company’s
‘Away from home’ strategy, the beverage maker has tied-up with quick service
restaurants Domino’s, KFC, Pizza Hut, Burger King and Subway and multiplex
operator PVR. Says PepsiCo’s Tarun Bhagat, “An aggressive agenda has been drawn
by the team to increase distribution across offline stores and online channels
over the next five years.”
Swag Not War
Cola marketing has come a long way
from the days of the legendary Cola Wars. Pepsi’s ‘Nothing Official About It’
that took the fizz out of the official sponsor of the 1996 Cricket World Cup is
perhaps one of the greatest examples of ambush marketing. Pepsi’s current
campaign couldn’t be farther from that traditional tactic. Says Lloyd Mathias,
former head of PC marketing, HP Asia Pacific and Japan, “Cola as a category has
lost its relevance among consumers, as electronics, apparels took over.” He
adds, “As a result, ‘cola war’ as a marketing concept became redundant.”
(Source:https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/services/advertising/salman-khan-is-pepsis-new-face/articleshow/72449728.cms)
(Source:
https://brandequity.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/marketing/blast-from-the-past-as-pepsi-comes-back-with-swag-this-summer/69657939)
Examine the brand personality of
Pepsi and its relevance in a promising market like India.
Answer: Consumers tend to attribute various descriptive
“personality-like” traits or characteristics to different brands that signify
the constituents of brand personality. Consumers also link personality factors
to specific colours and in some cases products and brands are linked to certain
colours with personality-like meanings. For example, Pepsi is associated with
blue that denotes authority.
The personality of a brand can be
divided into five dimensions:
1. Sincerity of the
brand – The image of the brand as being down to earth, very honest and
cheerful. Brands that are sincere always fulfil their promises. Consumers can
be sure to get the desired benefits out of them. Some brands such as Himalaya
and Hero Honda Passion are viewed as sincere brands, as people trust these
brands and they never disappoint consumers.
Pepsi is one of the oldest and successful brands present in
our country. It has large customer base all over the country irrespective of
the
3. Hair oil and edible oil maker
Marico will enter the Rs 4,500-crore skincare market in the country by
extending its two-decade-old coconut hair oil brand, Parachute, to body lotion
and other skincare products, a person directly involved with the development
said. First off the block will be a body lotion at entry-level pricing to
compete in the mass segment, the person said on condition of anonymity. The
company has carried out a low-key test exercise in the east, The strategy is
aimed at reducing dependence on Parachute hair oil,” the person said. “In this
case, the company hopes to ride on Parachute’s purity and value-for-money
attributes.” Marico CEO (consumer products business) Saugata Gupta declined
comment. The company will enter the cluttered skincare market under the
Parachute Advansed umbrella and compete with Hindustan Unilever’s Vaseline and
Pond’s, German company Beiersdorf ’s Nivea, L’Oreal’s Garnier and Johnson &
Johnson’s Neutrogena. Analysts and industry watchers say the success of the
move will depend on how much marketing and distribution muscle Marico can
infuse in the brand. “Success of brand extensions are generally linked closely
to the parent brand’s attributes; and depends on how closely these are aligned
to the consumer’s perception of the brand,” says consulting firm AT Kearney
Partner and VP Debashish Mukherjee. The success of extensions of strong brands
is not always certain. Cereal maker Kellogg’s extension to biscuits flopped.
Marico hasn’t had much success with brand extensions But Reckitt Benckiser’s
Dettol is a classic succession of an antiseptic medicinal liquid to antiseptic
soap. Marico so far has had limited success with brand extensions.
Also, there is strong competition in
the skincare market, although with an annual rate of 20% it’s one of the
fastest-growing consumer product categories. About six years ago, Marico had
extended Parachute to shampoos, positioned on the ‘naturals’ platform. But that
did not succeed. But Parachute Advansed has various haircare variants like styling
products and after-shower gels. Marico has a skincare presence with its Kaya
skincare clinics. But it does not have a presence in the packaged skincare
segment. Marico’s hair oil brands include category leader Parachute and Nihar,
which it had acquired in 2006 for close to Rs 220 crore.
(Source:https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/cons-products/fashion-/
cosmetics-/-jewellery/marico-to-launch-parachute-into-skincare-market/articleshow/9865069.cms)
a. Evaluate the brand extension
strategy of Parachute.
b. Comment on the success
probability of the brand extension and the potential benefits to the parent
brand?
Answer: a) Brand extension is a strategy in which company uses one
of its familiar brand names for new product category’s items. Brand extension
may hurt the parent brand reputation in the market if it fails. A brand line
can have similar as well as dissimilar products in its line. A brand mix is the
set of all the brand lines that a multi-product firm offers to the market.
Companies can also launch branded variants in which they have a range of
specific brands for specific distribution channels or specific product-market
situations. The brand variants are available in the market due to
Course: Commercial banking
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Sundarajan Pvt.Ltd., Bangalore
based company are engaged in exporting sea food to various countries. They
entered in a contract with Japanese Company, Ziomei Pvt Limited for the
exporting cuttle fish. Ziomei Pvt Limited asked XYZ Limited to issue the letter
of credit. Sundarajan ‘s owner doesn’t have much idea on letter of credit. He
visits the bank to get an idea of how the letter of credit works. As a bank
manager, you are required to explain him the procedure of how letter of credit
works as its advantages from buyer’s as well as seller’s point of view.
Answer: A letter of credit (L/C) is an instrument signed by the
importer’s banker that promises to make payment to the exporter if he follows
the conditions mentioned in the L/C and if the specification about the quantity
and quality of exports matches with those mentioned in the L/C. It is a letter
of promise and not a letter of guarantee of the underlying commercial
transaction. The issuing bank gets a fee for making the L/C. An L/C serves the
interest of both the parties. Exporter is assured that he will get the payment
and he will try to hedge against foreign exchange risk, credit risk, political
risk, country risk etc. by trading in the derivative market. Also, the importer
will make the payment when he is in receipt of the goods.
For example, assume that the buyer of certain merchandise is
in Mumbai, India, and the seller of the said merchandise is in the USA. The
buyer and the seller do not know each other and, therefore, the seller will ask
for the payment in advance for shipping the merchandise to the buyer. On the
other hand, the buyer feels that it may not be prudent for him to make advance
payment to the overseas seller whom he does not know. Under this circumstance,
no trade can take place unless there is an intermediary who can bridge the lack
of trust between the buyer and the seller. The commercial bank can play the
role of this intermediary and inspire confidence among the two parties. This
can be done by issuing an LC at the instance of the buyer in favour of the
2. You are an operational trainer in
a bank. You are asked to prepare a presentation on the various types of fund
based credit facility of a bank. Describe the same.
Answer: Types of fund
based credit facility
Term Lending
Term lending facilities refer to those financing instruments
through which banks meet the non-working capital requirements of the customer.
Term loans are availed by the borrower with repayment in periodic installments
over a pre-specified period. Banks also provide advisory services to companies
for syndication of the term loans to a wide spectrum of financial institutions.
Short term finance
These are normally
3. The Basel Accords primarily
focuses on prudential norms for bank capital under the aegis of which banks are
required to ensure adequate capital to cover losses on account of significant
risks in their business. In regard to the above statement answer the below
questions.
a. Elaborate on Basel I, Basel II,
Basel III.
b. Highlight the significance of
Basel III in context to Indian banks?
Answer: a) Basel I
Accord
The Basel Committee on banking supervision (BCBS) had
released the guidelines on capital measures and capital standards in July 1988
which were accepted by the Central Banks in various countries including RBI.
This Accord is known as the Basel I Accord. It took into account the elements
of risk in various types of assets in the balance sheet as well as off-balance
sheet business. Essentially, under the above system, the balance sheet assets,
non-funded items and other off-balance sheet exposures are assigned weights
according to the prescribed risk weights and banks have to maintain unimpaired
minimum capital funds equivalent to the prescribed ratio, on the aggregate of
the risk weighted assets and other exposures, on an
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Course: Consumer behavior
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Advertisers today face a
challenge of “sensory adaptation”. It has become increasingly difficult to get
the attention of and impress consumers. In terms of consumer perception, what
is the relationship between sensory adaptation and absolute threshold? Name 3
ways in which marketers are overcoming the challenge of sensory adaptation.
Answer: Reality to an individual is that individual’s perception
is a personal phenomenon, on the basis of which the individual acts or reacts
and not on the basis of objective reality. For this reason, marketers are
particularly interested in consumers‟ perceptions than their knowledge of
objective reality. Simply put, perception is “how we see the world around us.”
Schiffman and Kanuk have defined perception as “the process by which an individual
selects, organises and interprets stimuli into a meaningful and coherent
picture of the world.” A stimulus is any unit of input to a sensory receptor.
In a marketing context, the stimuli include brand names, advertisements,
colours, sounds and packages etc.
There are numerous marketing-related stimuli that affect
2. Pooja is a stationary enthusiast.
She loves collecting antique fountain pens, limited edition notebooks,
state-of-the-art mechanical pencils, post-it notes in rare shapes, etc. She has
an extensive collection of stationary which she has proudly built over many
years. What is Fixated Consumption and Compulsive Consumption? What are the
characteristics of a fixated consumer and a compulsive consumer? Which of the 2
behaviours is Pooja exhibiting?
Answer: Consumer behaviour is a rapidly growing discipline of
study. It means more than just how a person buys products. It is a complex and
multidimensional process and reflects the totality of consumers’ decisions with
respect to acquisition, consumption and disposal activities. You, as a
consumer, exhibit very significant differences in your buying behaviour and
play an important role in local, national or international economic conditions.
One of the very few aspects common to all of us is that we are all consumers
and the reason for a business firm to come into being is the presence of
consumers who have unfulfilled, or partially fulfilled needs and wants. Our
consumption related behaviour influences the development of technology and introduction
of new and improved products and services.
Consumer behaviour study helps in identifying the
unfulfilled needs and wants of consumers. This requires examining the trends
and conditions operating in the marketplace, consumers’ lifestyles, income levels
and emerging influences. A review of market opportunities often helps in
identifying distinct consumer segments with very distinct and unique wants and
needs. Identifying these groups, learning how they behave and how they make
purchase decisions enables the marketer to design and market
3. a. Using an example, explain the
4 elements of Consumer Learning.
3. b. Gifting is an interesting
aspect of Consumer Behaviour because gifts represent more than ordinary
purchases. They are associated with important and special events (e.g.,
Mother’s Day, birthdays, engagements, weddings, etc.) What are the different
types of Gifting behaviours consumers may exhibit?
Answer: a) How consumers learn is of great concern to marketers
because they are interested in teaching consumers about products, product
attributes and potential consumer benefits, about where to buy their products,
how to use them, maintain them and even dispose them. Marketing strategies are
based on interactions with consumers directly though advertisements or
indirectly through product appearance, packaging, price and distribution
channels. The aim of marketers is to have consumers notice, believe, remember
and recall their communications. Hence, marketers have an interest in every
part of the learning process.
Four components are fundamental to
most learning situations.
Motivation – Motivation is the driving force
that impels individuals to action and is based on needs and goals. Motivations
function as a spur to learning with needs and goals acting as stimuli. For
example, a badminton enthusiast will learn all about the sport and may seek
information about prices, quality, etc. of a badminton racquet if he/she
‘learns’ that a good racquet would help in playing a good game. Marketers
attempt to uncover consumer motives and then teach motivated consumer segments
why their products will best satisfy consumer needs.
Cues – Cues are stimuli that provide direction to motivated
pursuit. For example, an advertisement for a badminton coaching
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Course: Corporate Finance
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. ABC Ltd. is considering two
financing plans to raise ₹ 8,00,000. The key information is as follows:
TABLE GIVEN BELOW:
|
Plan
|
Equity
|
Debt
|
Preference
Shares
|
|
1
|
50%
|
50%
|
|
|
2
|
50%
|
|
50%
|
Expected EBIT is ₹ 2,40,000.
Cost of Debt is 10% and cost of
Preference Shares is 10%.
Tax rate is 50%.
Equity shares of the face value of ₹
10 each will be issued at a premium of ₹ 10 per share.
Calculate Earnings per share for
plan 1 and 2 and suggest which one is better.
Answer: Calculation of
Earnings per share
Earnings
per share = Profit available for equity shareholders
Number of equity
shares
|
PARTICIULARS
|
PLAN 1
|
PLAN 2
|
|
EBIT
|
240000
|
240000
|
|
LESS: INTEREST
|
40000
|
0
|
|
EBT
|
200000
|
240000
|
|
LESS: TAX @ 50%
|
100000
|
120000
|
|
EAT
|
100000
|
120000
|
NMIMS Fully solved assignment available for session
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2. A Project costs ₹ 60,000 and is
expected to generate cash inflows as:
|
Year
|
Cash
inflows(₹)
|
|
1
|
10000
|
|
2
|
12000
|
|
3
|
15000
|
|
4
|
18000
|
|
5
|
20000
|
|
6
|
22000
|
Calculate Net Present Value and
Profitability Index. Comment whether project should be accepted or not. Assume
cost of capital is 10%. Enumerate the steps of calculation of NPV.
Answer: Steps involved in
NPV method involve:
●
Forecasting the cash flows, both inflows and outflows of the
projects to be taken up for execution
●
Decisions on discount factor or interest factor. The appropriate
discount rate is the firm’s cost of capital or required rate of return expected
by the investors
●
Computation of the present value of cash inflows and outflows
using the discount factor selected
●
Calculation of NPV by subtracting the PV of cash outflows from the
present value of cash
3. The following information is
given for Alpha Ltd.
Earnings per share ₹ 12
Dividend per share ₹ 3
Cost of Capital 18%
Internal Rate of Return on
Investment 22%
Retention Ratio 75%
Calculate the market price per share
using
a. Gordon’s Dividend Model
b. Walter’s Dividend Model
Answer: Given:
E = Earnings is ₹12 per share
k = Cost of capital is 18%
r = Return on investment of 22%
Course: Cost and Management Accounting
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Analyzing and making decisions in
relation to cost requires in-depth study of various costs involved. The process
of managerial decision making classify costs into certain specific head so as
to be precise in evaluating various business proposals. Discuss any five such
costs with relevant examples which are significant for managerial decision
making.
Answer: Cost is the amount of resources given up in exchange of
some goods and services. The resources are expressed in money or money’s
equivalent. CIMA defines the term cost as “the amount of expenditure (actual or
notional) incurred on or attributable to a given thing”. The given thing may be
taken as a product, service or any other activity. While the actual expenditure
refers to the amount spent, the notional expenditure does not involve in any
cash outlay. It does not reflect itself in the accounting records. But, it is
important for the purpose of comparison of cost and in decision making.
Objectives of Costing
●
It aims to serve the information needs of management for planning,
control and decision making.
●
It helps to determine product cost. They are important in
inventory valuation, decision regarding pricing of the product.
●
It facilitates planning and control of regular business
activities. Different alternative plans are evaluated in terms of respective
cost and associated benefits. In control process the data generated can be
compared with budgets and estimates.
●
It supplies information
2. Standard costing is the process
where standard costs of various components and resources are predetermined.
Further, there are certain specific objectives for adopting the standard
costing techniques in management accounting, Discuss in brief, the
distinguished objectives of adopting standard costing in any organization.
Answer: Standard costing may be defined as a technique of cost
accounting which compares the standard cost of each product or service with the
actual cost to determine the efficiency of the operation so that any remedial
action may be taken immediately: Brown and Howard.
According to J. Batty “standard costing is a system of cost
accounting which is designed to show in detail how much each product should
cost to produce and sell when a business is operating at a stated level of
efficiency and for a given volume of output”.
The meaning of standard costing is focused on the method of
financial control. It compares the predetermined and actual costs. It is
normally associated closely with budgetary control. Many organizations use both
the systems although one can be used without the other. Standard costing is
mainly applied to products and processes. Therefore, it is a technique that is
more commonly used in manufacturing organization, though it may also be useful
in service industries. As in
3. Puppies and Rabbits, a soft toy
manufacturing company requires 1250 units per month, of the soft toy named
“COCO Rabbit”. The ordering cost is Rs 1000 per order. The cost of carrying
inventory is 10% per annum. The cost of manufacturing one unit of COCO Rabbit
is Rs 200
a. Determine the most economic lot
size
b. The minimum total variable cost
for the economic lot size
Answer: Given:
D (Annual Demand) = 1250*12 = 15000 Units
K (Ordering cost) = Rs.1000 per order
Cost of manufacturing one unit = Rs. 200
Kc (Carrying cost) = Rs.10% of Rs. 200 = Rs. 20
Formula:
A) EOQ = √(2DK/K)
=
√(
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Course: Customer relationship maangement
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. In your opinion should marketers
challenge their customers’ communities because they are not official? Justify
your views with valid examples from the industry.
Answer: In all businesses, Customer is the king as you cannot
survive in the market without good customer base. It is the duty of all service
providing companies to take special care of their customers as sales is not the
only motive but there should be excellent after sales service as well.
Companies must do everything to satisfy their customers as Customer satisfaction
is the best indicator of how likely a customer will make a purchase in the
future. Asking customers to rate their satisfaction on a scale of 1-10 is a
good way to see if they will become repeat customers or even advocates. In a
competitive marketplace where businesses compete for customers; customer
satisfaction is seen as a key differentiator. Businesses who succeed in these
cut-throat environments are the ones that make customer satisfaction a key
element of their business strategy. Satisfaction plays a significant role in
how much revenue a customer generates for your business. Successful businesses
understand the importance of customer lifetime value (CLV). If you increase
CLV, you increase the returns on your marketing rupee. Many studies have proved
that it is cheaper to retain customers rather than acquire new ones. You should
measure satisfaction level of your customers on regular basis and take
necessary
2. Frame the 10 most critical
criteria to develop a rich customer profile in your industry and specify the
source of data collection for the same with appropriate examples.
Answer: Organisations exist because of customers. No customer
means, no business. Organisations’ survival depends on how they meet the needs
and wants of the customers and provide them with maximum benefits. Failure to
do so will result in a failed business strategy. Learning from segmentation is
based on the fact that customers do vary and it is possible to group them or
classify them on the major dimensions and develop differentiated product offers
for each of the segments than trying to sell a product to anybody in the
market.
Customer profiling is the process to learn about customer’s
characteristics including demographic (age, gender, life stage), geographic
(location), and psychographic characteristics (influencers, interests,
lifestyle), as well as past buying behaviour to understand who they are
3. Aditi works in the US for a
biomedical organization. They have clients located in different parts of the
globe. Off late one of their most loyal clients from the Europe has been
expressing their concern over service issues faced by them. Next quarter their
contract ends and will be time for renewal. Aditi is unsure whether they will
be able to sustain the business from their European client.
a. As per your understanding analyze
the course of the relationship between the customer and the supplier in the
above scenario?
b. What hampers trust and commitment
in a relationship and how can it be maintained?
Answer: a) One of the most difficult things to get from customers
is trust. Not only is it hard to obtain, it is equally difficult to sustain.
Traditionally, all it entailed was the practice of getting to know the
preferences of customers. However, this was not without the awareness of
increased competition and demands. It has now become important to initiate new
programs and methodologies in order to forge better one-on-one ties with
customers.
Relationship is a process which includes various phases such
as exploratory, growth, saturation and decline. During the exploratory phase,
the customer sees the promises made during communication fulfilled for the
first time. The first introduction makes an important impression
on the relationship. The level of satisfaction during the exploratory
phase is still relatively low; the customers have little to
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Course: International business
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Analyze the financial accounts in
the Balance of payments statements of any two countries in the BRICS (Brazil,
Russia, India, China, South Africa) for different types of capital flows.
Answer: Balance of payments (BOP) is one of the oldest and the
most important statistical statements for any country, especially the more open
economies. The BOP is ‘a systematic record of all economic transactions between
the residents of a given country and of the residents of the rest of the world
in an accounting period (viz. a year).’ The system of BOP accounting, some of
the concepts and terminologies used in the BOP expression and the
interpretation of the BOP categories are of utmost importance to any student of
international economics. Despite efforts by international organizations to
secure uniformity of classification and
2. Being an exporter of garment
house, discuss how letter of credit can be used for processing export
contracts.
Answer: A letter of credit (L/C) is an instrument signed by the
importer’s banker that promises to make payment to the exporter if he follows
the conditions mentioned in the L/C and if the specification about the quantity
and quality of exports matches with those mentioned in the L/C. It is a letter
of promise and not a letter of guarantee of the underlying commercial
transaction. The issuing bank gets a fee for making the L/C. An L/C serves the
interest of both the parties. Exporter is assured that he will get the payment
and he will try to hedge against foreign exchange risk, credit risk, political
risk, country risk etc. by trading in the derivative market. Also, the importer
will make the payment when he is in receipt of the goods.
For example, assume that the buyer of NMIMS Fully solved assignment available for session
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3. Alphabet unit Google was hit with
a record-breaking 4.34 billion euro ($5.04 billion) fine on Wednesday, topping
the 2.4 billion euros it was ordered to pay in another case last year. EU
antitrust regulators accused it of abusing the dominance of its Android
smartphone operating system by blocking rivals. Below is a timeline of Google’s
antitrust cases in Europe:
18 July 2018 - EU antitrust
regulators hand down a 4.34 billion euro fine to Google after a three-year long
investigation.
27 June 2017 - EU fines Google 2.4
billion euros for thwarting rivals of shopping comparison websites.
14 July 2016 - EU sets out another
charge against Google’s shopping service. It also accuses the company of
preventing third parties using its Adsense product from displaying search
advertisements from Google’s competitors - a third case against the company.
20 April 2016 - EU sends a charge
sheet to Google outlining the company’s anticompetitive practices with regard
to Android smartphone makers and apps makers.
15 April 2015 - EU opens
investigation into Google’s Android smartphone operating system.
15 April 2015 - EU charges Google
with blocking competitors of its shopping service.
Sept 2014 - Almunia says he will not
be able to wrap up the Google case before his mandate ends in October.
May 2014 - Joaquin Almunia, European
Competition Commissioner at that time, says feedback from complainants will be
crucial to determining whether he accepts Google’s concessions.
5 Feb 2014 - Google improves its
concessions related to online search.
2013 - Lobbying Group Fair Search
files a complaint about Google’s Android business practices to the European
Commission.
25April 2013 - EU seeks feedback
from rivals and users to Google’s concessions.
a. Discuss how the legal aspects of
business environment impacting Google in Europe.
b. Discuss all the other aspects of
the business environment that provide complexity to international business
operations like cultural aspects for companies engaged in International
business.
Answer: a) The European complaints against Google run deep and
wide. Originally, Microsoft and others, including a tiny British company called
Foundem, complained that Google was favoring its own services, such as Google
Maps and Google Product Search, on its Internet search engine, which controls
roughly 90 percent of its market on the continent. The newer cases stretch into
very different territory. Critics complain that the company forces smartphone
makers to favor its services when building phones with Android, and they allege
Google requires online outfits to show a certain percentage of Google ads when
using its search engine on their websites.
Google and the EU have now argued over these cases for
years. But whatever the strengths and weaknesses of the various arguments, the
political climate in the EU over that time has decidedly shifted against Google
and other big US Internet companies. European officials deny they're showing an
anti-American bias. But Google now faces enormous amounts of ill-will in the
EU, and not only from
Course: International marketing
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. India is trying to promote ‘Make
in India’ and has also recently opened up Defense sector. You are a strategy
manager at Dassault, one of leading manufacturers of defense equipment. However,
your boss wants to set up a new venture in Brazil. Please justify using
Business Environment why you would like to set up in India instead of Brazil.
Answer: The definition of business environment means all of the
internal and external factors that affect how the company functions including
employees, customers, management, supply and demand and business regulations.
An example of a part of a business environment is how well customers'
expectations are met.
Location specific advantages refer to alternative countries
and regions carrying out value added activities in different locations.
Location advantages include abundant labour, low wages, special taxes or
tariffs and availability of cheap raw materials. Nowadays, a large number of
companies are conducting business on the basis of location specific advantages.
Firms choose to augment
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2. You are the CEO of a competing
brand of Starbucks but claim to offer more value for money. Your products cost
less than Starbucks. You have also decided to enter India after seeing success
of Starbucks. Evaluate any 3 entry options to enter into India. Which of the
market entry options would you finally choose & why?
Answer: Entry modes may vary from company to company or even for a
single company depending upon a variety of factors as discussed below:
●
Size of the company – Generally, larger
companies have large financial resources and manpower skill to handle
international operations in a competitively better manner.
●
Market potential – In markets with
considerable size and growth opportunities, a company may enter by way of
putting more resources and investment.
●
Company objectives – Depending upon the
company’s objectives in the target market, the firm may decide
3. Lemon Tree operates mid-premium
hotels in India and position it for cost conscience corporate travelers. They
have decided to enter European market now with 4 properties, two each in
Germany & France.
a. Suggest what should be their
pricing strategy for the European market.
b. Suggest the possible brand
positioning for their European market.
Answer: a) Various
pricing strategies are as follows:
●
Market penetration
strategy – Under
this strategy, exporters offer a very low introductory price to speed up their
sales, thereby widening the market base. It aims at capturing a sizeable share
in the market, especially if the quality of the product is proved with its wide
acceptance.
●
Probe pricing strategy –
Fixing a low price for a
product may have an adverse effect on the image of the firm and of the product.
It may raise doubts in the minds of the buyers about the quality of the product
if it is lower than the price of competitors or if it is reduced
Course: Marketing of financial services
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Develop a Public
Relations campaign for IRDA to create awareness about Life Insurance sector and
to educate policyholders about their rights.
Answer: The
insurance sector fulfils not only an economic purpose but also a social one.
This sector provides social security and promotes individual welfare. It
reduces risk and also helps increase productivity in the economy. Life
insurance is intended to mitigate the adverse financial consequences that may
follow because a person does not live long enough or because he lives too long.
Every possible adverse consequence that requires to be taken care of
constitutes a need for insurance.
The important activities in a life
insurance company are:
• Procuring applications or proposals from prospective
buyers of life insurance
• Scrutinizing and making decisions on the proposals for
insurance. This is called underwriting.
• Issuing the policy document, incorporating the terms and
conditions of the insurance cover.
• Keeping track of the performance of the insurance contract
by either party, like payment of premium
2. Your client, Ashwin
Motwani client had avoided investing in equities for his long term goals. He
found equity investments too risky and did not understand when to time his
entry and exit in the market. Explain some investment techniques that help
negating the biases involved in investing.
Answer: Equity
market/stock market is an organisation in which shares are issued and traded
through exchanges. It gives access to capital and a portion of the ownership to
investors in a company. Equity market is splited into primary and secondary
market. The large scale companies are enlisted with BSE and NSE. The small and
medium scale companies are listed with OTCEI (Over the Counter Exchange of
India). The functions of Indian equity market are supervised by SEBI as well.
ROI of common equity shares is always volatile due to rapid
fluctuations in prices. Price fluctuations are caused by multiple factors.
However, there is one crux for all the factors mentioned —if
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3. You are a Financial
Planner. Your client Raj Shah (age 34 years) works with an IT company earning
Rs. 15 lakhs per annum. His wife Deepti (age 32 years) is a homemaker. They
have one daughter Rimmi (age 3 years). The couple requires your help to make
some financial decisions. (You can make any assumptions to further build up
your case.)
a. Raj wants to buy a
Pure Risk Life Insurance cover of Rs 1.5 crore. He is confused whether he
should buy a ULIP, Endowment or a Term Plan. Recommend the product best suited
for his requirement.
b. Raj and Deepti want
your help to invest for Rimmi’s higher education which they estimate would be
required after 18 years.
Answer: a) Life
Insurance is an agreement providing for payment of a sum of money to the person
secured. You require life insurance only if someone relies on you for help and
support. Your life insurance premium depends on the type of insurance you take,
the amount you pay for it and your chance of death while the policy is in
effect.
There are different types of life
insurance schemes in India. These include:
Term life insurance: Under a Term life contract, the
insurance company pays a specific amount to the designated receiver in case of
the death of the insured. These policies are usually for 5, 10, 15, 20 or 30
years. Term life insurance was popular in advanced countries. In India, these
policies are becoming popular after the entrance of the private operators. The
premium on such type of policies is moderately quite low when compared with
other types of life insurance policies, mainly
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Course: Marketing strategy
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Identify and explain the four key
factors/characteristics affecting customer buying behaviour, specifically for
developing product/pricing/distribution/promotion strategy of the following
products/brands/organisations: (1) Indian Railways, (2) Wakefit (mattresses),
(3) Statue of Unity, and (4) Yogabar (protein bars).
Answer: The consumer decision process explains the internal
process as well as individual behaviour for making product or service-based
decisions. The consumption process is influenced by external factors such as
cultural, social, personal, and psychological factors. When the marketing and
other stimuli come in contact with buyers, their decision process is initiated.
The marketers have to correctly read buyers’ conscious or unconscious behaviour
to generate positive response. Every person has his/her distinct set of standards
of judgment. The consumers follow a decision process characterised by problem
recognition, information search, alternative evaluation, purchase decision and
post-purchase behaviour.
Indian railways
Culture factors: We all had sweet memories of having
various train journeys in our childhood with our families when we just used to
enjoy it. It was like a culture to travel from one place to other in a train
and
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2. Explain various stages in
industry life cycle with examples from passenger vehicles industry in India,
with specific comments regarding (1) Product, (2) Pricing, (3) Distribution,
and (4) Promotion strategies of market leaders in the current stage of the
passenger vehicles industry in India.
Answer: India became the fourth largest auto market in 2018 with
sales increasing 8.3 per cent year-on-year to 3.99 million units. It was the
seventh largest manufacturer of commercial vehicles in 2018. The Two Wheelers
segment dominates the market in terms of volume owing to a growing middle class
and a young population. Moreover, the growing interest of the companies in
exploring the rural markets further aided the growth of the sector. India is
also a prominent auto exporter and has strong export growth expectations for
the near future. Automobile exports grew 14.50 per cent during FY19. It is
expected to grow at a CAGR of 3.05 per cent during 2016-2026. In addition,
several initiatives by the Government of India and the major automobile players
in the Indian market are expected to make India a leader in the two-wheeler and
four-
3. a. Explain low cost strategy and
differentiation strategy, highlighting 3 key differences between the two
strategies, and two supporting examples from Indian FMCG/Retail sector for each
strategy.
3. b. The Finance Minister, India
announced reduction in corporate tax rates in Sep-2019; why is it important for
companies in Indian FMCG/Retail sector, and what are 5 ways (with examples of
companies) in which leading companies in the sector can benefit from the
development from the point of view of Marketing Strategy?
Answer: a) Low cost
strategy
The Overall cost leadership strategy is a strategy followed
by an organization to design, develop and market the product at a lower cost than
its competitors. It is also known as the low cost strategy. This strategy
requires developing the policies that aim at becoming the lowest-cost producer
and distributor in the market. Customer prefers to spend on low rate products
or services, therefore, an organization minimises the overall cost incurred in
developing the product. An organization can minimize the overall cost by
minimising the costs included in the construction of efficient-scale
facilities, overheads, operating expenses, input costs, labour costs, marginal
customer accounts cost and lower distribution costs. This strategy is mostly
useful for organization selling unbranded commodities such as beef or steel.
Differentiation strategy
Product differentiation involves “developing and promoting
an awareness of difference between the advertiser’s product and competitor’s
product.” When product differentiation strategy is used, it enables a company
to come out of price competition so that it may compete on a non-price basis.
The company may show that its product is different from or even better than the
competitor’s products. It is possible to differentiate on quality, design,
brand, or packaging. This strategy works in markets, which are reasonably
homogeneous in their wants, and the products are
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Course: Operations management
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Explain how the operations
strategies are different when applied to a service company such as “Tata Sky”
versus a manufacturing company such as “Tata Steel”.
Answer: Operations strategy involves developing the long-term plan
for using major resources of the organisation to achieve the desired corporate
objectives. The plan includes long-term decisions related to capacity,
location, processes, technology and timing. Following issues are addressed in
operations strategy:
●
How the resources should be structured?
●
What activities should take place?
●
How to ensure the quality of goods and services?
●
What type of processes to install for manufacturing goods and
services?
Operations strategy involves key operations decisions that
are aligned with the overall strategic objectives of an organisation. This
helps an organisation in gaining an edge over its competitors. The
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2. What are the key factors that
firms consider while designing a facility layout? List five major factors. What
kind of layout is best suited for a Pharmaceuticals manufacturing firm?
Answer: Typically, a layout refers to the arrangement of
facilities connected with production, support, customer service, and other
activities. It involves the physical arrangement of work centers, storage,
space for material handling and movement, utility areas and other essential
spaces required for production and operations. Plant layout is also defined as
the organization of a company's physical facilities to promote the efficient
use of equipment, material, people and energy. The primary objective of plant layout
is to increase productivity and also to ensure employee satisfaction and
lowering the costs. A model facility layout should be able to provide an ideal
relationship between raw material, equipment, manpower and final product at
minimal cost under safe
3. Indian Railways is a name
synonymous to an operational activity at a large scale. Give your views on the
following aspects of Indian railways
a. There have been several instances
& reports of problems faced by customers during booking of tickets through
its online portal. What should Indian railways do to make this system world
class?
b. Discuss the concept of inventory
management with reference to any one aspect (Food served/ hospitality/ safety,
etc.) of Indian Railway.
Answer: a) Each industry would have progressed over the years or
decades improving their processes and products. During this development, the
materials would have changed and processes would have changed. As all products
or services are meant to serve the needs of the customers, they undergo
continuous changes both in configuration and features.
The customer is undoubtedly an important asset of any
organisation. An organisation’s success depends on how many customers it has,
how much they buy the company’s products, and how often they buy. Hence, there
is the popular saying - customer is king. If you look around carefully, you
will find that many organisations are actually serving their clients like their
kings. This is
Course: Organization theory
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. SmallSoft Ltd is a technology
giant which over the years had built a huge organization, servicing customers
globally. Started by a visionary founder, the organization’s products had
almost a monopolistic control over the markets they operated in. However, the
last decade saw them being taken over by smaller, more agile organizations. The
Board realized that the current way of working would not help them retain their
growth or their profitability and hence they decided to go in for a changed
strategy. A new CEO was brought in, who quickly realized that the organization
was stuck in the past ways of doing business and that its vision and mission
were now redundant in the current technology scenario. Also, the teams were
working in silos and the company structure needed to be integrated. The CEO
called you, the Head-HR to discuss this. She has asked your help as the Head HR
help transform the company and drive this change. You recommend that the
company follow Kotter’s 8-step model to drive this change. Detail out the steps
to be followed for Change Management as per Kotter’s 8-step model, adding on
any specific points mentioned in the case.
Answer: Change is a phenomenon that pushes us out of our comfort zone.
It is for the better or for the worse, depending on how it is viewed. Change
has an adjustment time line that varies from person to person. Change has a
negative effect on those who do not want to let go. Being flexible is the key.
For instance, a roller coaster ride can symbolically be indicative of change—it
can be fun if you know when to lean and create balance. Change is not related
to the mantra ‘just hang in there’, but the mantra ‘you can make it’. It is not
associated with worrying. Change spurs you to achieve your best. It will help
you to learn. Change is inevitable. It is the management’s duty to see that
change is managed properly. Organizations must keep a watch on the environment
and incorporate suitable changes that the situation may demand. Change is a
continuous phenomenon. Organizations must be proactive in effecting change.
Even in the most stable organizations, change is necessary just to maintain a
certain level of stability. The major environmental forces that make change
necessary are technology, market forces and socio-economic factors. Resistance
to change is counterproductive for
2. Jahazi Company is a company that
is into operating boats for leisure cruises in Kerala. The owner of this
company, Mr. Nair, now wants to move into International waters by setting up a
base in Singapore, to provide these services in South East Asia. Your firm has
been tasked with doing an External Analysis prior to the move. Detail out the
techniques you would follow for doing an External Analysis using PESTLE method
for this company.
Answer: The environment consists of various forces that affect the
company’s ability to deliver products and services to its customers. The
environment can affect a company in many ways. A company can have the best technologies,
employees, and the best of suppliers but it can fail miserably if any of the
factors like exchange rate, policies of the host government, changing needs of
customers, etc. start to act against it. On the other hand, a mediocre company
can be spectacularly successful if the factors in the external environment
start favouring its strategies and policies. It is imperative that companies
keep a close watch on the environment factors that may affect them, and prepare
themselves adequately to face the emerging challenges.
Environmental analysis is the assessment of environmental
factors which affect marketing activities. An examination is made of both
positive and negative affect for adjusting marketing activities in NMIMS Fully solved assignment available for session
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3. Funky TV is a music television
channel that is very popular amongst youngsters. It is considered a fun channel
and has a great brand recall value, but due to high content costs and other
expenses, it is not very profitable. The channel is successful because of the
new formats and interesting ideas it keeps introducing regularly on air. The
employees are mostly in the age group of 22-30. There are a few other employees
from older age groups as well. The company prides itself on being a Crazy and
Cool workplace. Each employee at the time of joining is given decorating
material and lots of colorful paper to help them decorate their workplace. This
is an open office layout. All employees including the senior management sit in
the same area and there are small meeting rooms for people who wish to have a
quiet conversation. Every evening at 6 pm, one employee is randomly selected by
draw of lots and gets to choose a playlist to play on the public address
system. There is no dress code and employees are inspired to discover their
individual style. The employees are encouraged to speak their mind, share their
ideas and disagreements are considered healthy. Managers avoid taking
unilateral decisions and prefer to have a consensus-based approach. The culture
is also such that it attracts talented people from across all walks of life.
The current channel programming in charge was a professor of physics before he
joined the channel. Though the company faces stiff competition in the music
television space and is not the best paymaster, it still has low levels of
attrition.
a. Describe the basic features of
Schein’s model of culture and classify the elements of culture mentioned in the
case into Schein’s framework
b. What is the Function of culture?
Give example from the case to show the function of culture for the employees of
Funky TV.
Answer: a) Edgar Schein has defined culture as ‘a pattern of basic
assumptions invented, discovered or developed by a given group as it learns to
cope with its problems of external adaptation and internal integration worked
well enough to be considered valuable and therefore, to be taught to new
members as a correct way to perceive, think and feel, in relation to those
problems’.
Features of Schein’s model of
culture
According to Edgar Schein’s organisational model, the three
cognitive levels of organisational culture are as follows:
At the first level, the artefacts of the organisation are
present. They include the office facilities, the furnishing, the rewards, the
way employees dress and interact, the slogans, mission statements, etc.
Artifacts are visible, but that does not mean that they can be understood
easily and by everyone alike. In fact, artifacts can be confusing for an
observer who is tempted to use readily available labels and stereotypes upon
noticing them. Thus, the shapers of culture as well as student should avoid
going too much into detail of an artifact, as well as overgeneralizing and
labeling.
In the given case, employees of the company enjoy various
facilities at the workplace like no dress code, decoration at workplace, open
Course: Retail banking
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Banking today has become a
competitive industry. Discuss how the internet and mobile banking is ice
breaker to the tradition banking industry. Highlight how internet and mobile
banking have brought digitalization in the banking Industry and is helping the industry
to pave its way to success.
Answer: Revolutionary changes have taken place in business and
business places due to developments in telecommunication and information
technology. Implementation of technology in business has reduced the
constraints of space and time and the cost of doing business. Technology is
being widely used in the banking services, as the demands from the customers
are more and they expect the services offered in banks abroad. Banks, by
implementing technology, have freed themselves from the constraints of physical
branches.
Now, banks are able to offer service to the customers round
the clock, throughout the year nonstop, thanks to the implementation of
Internet banking, phone banking, automated teller system and mobile banking
service. These services have reduced the need for physical presence of
customers at the branch. McKinsey, a noted international management consultancy
firm
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2. Shriram has recently graduated
from a reputed MBA college and got placed in a private sector bank. His manager
asks him to prepare a short note the different types of lending which are
carried by banks in day to day operations. Help him to prepare his notes.
Answer: The term ‘banking’ in terms of section 5(b) of the Banking
Regulation Act indicates acceptance of deposits for lending or investment.
Obviously, lending or granting of loans forms the core of banking business.
Lending is either for a short term or for a long term. It may be secured or
unsecured as the case is. Banks grant loans for a variety of purposes. Reserve
Bank of India issues directions from time to time, to regulate the lending
operations of banking companies stated in section 21 in exercise of these
powers vested under section 21. It may also be noted that, general powers to
give directions are also available under section 35A of the Banking Regulation
Act. The lending function of banks is so very important in modern times,
3. “The test of our progress is not
whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it is whether we
provide enough for those who have too little.” - Franklin D. Roosevelt
Despite witnessing progressive
growth in economy post liberalization, yet nearly 75 % of the households even
today are deprived to access to any funds-institutional or otherwise. Banks
play a vital role in bridging the social divide and achieving robust and
sustainable economic growth. Financial inclusion is viewed as a promising step
towards
achieving financial equality and
stability.
a. Discuss the various initiatives
taken by RBI for promoting financial inclusion
b. Highlight the barriers that
impends financial inclusion
Answer: a) Financial inclusion in the Indian context has been
defined as the provision of affordable financial services, viz., access to
payments and remittance facilities, savings, loans and insurance services by
the formal financial system to those who tend to be excluded. The Indian policy
approach towards financial inclusion since 2000 has been focused on ensuring
inclusion at the individual and household level. Accordingly, the scheme of no
frills accounts (no pre-condition, low minimum balance maintenance) was
initiated by the RBI in 2005 to provide an easy financial savings facility to
the population at large, which can act as a means of their entry into the
formal banking system. At the end of March 2017, 80.6 million no-frills
accounts were opened by the banking system. While no-frills accounts have grown
phenomenally, an important challenge before the banking system is to keep these
accounts operational, as many such accounts are found to be dormant since the
poor often find it difficult to save and deposit money into these accounts. In
order to keep these accounts operational, banks have been advised to provide
small overdrafts in such accounts; up to March, 2017, `Rs. 217.54 crore
NMIMS Fully solved assignment available for session
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Course: Sales management
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Bajaj Electronics administers a
Quarterly performance review for all its sales employees. The below mentioned
table provides the number of sales calls done by the sales people for the month
of Oct- Dec 2019. You are the Area manager in charge of their performance. The
performance standard set by the company is that every sales person must do 150
sales calls in every quarter.
|
Name of
the executive
|
No. of
sales calls
|
|
Ramnath
|
142
|
|
Tapan
|
160
|
|
Jeetendra
|
87
|
|
Saurabh
|
125
|
|
Bhaskar
|
92
|
How will you evaluate the
performance of the sales executives as an Area Manager? What are the steps you
can take to improve the performance?
Answer: Basically, a sales executive has two sets of functions:
Operating and Planning. The relative emphasis that sales executive offers to
the operating and planning function varies with (1) the type of products, (2)
the size of company, and (3) the type of supervisory organisation. Customarily,
sales executive at all organisational levels devote more time and attention to
planning function than to operating function.
Sales executive is required for face to face interaction
with the customers. Hence, he should have a pleasing personality and great
communication skills. He should have intelligence to change the indifferent
attitude of the customers’/buyers attitude towards similar brands in the market
and ends with them placing an order. He should have a thorough knowledge of the
product he is selling so that he is able to handle any query posed by a
prospective buyer of the product. He should be a team player, and an ability to
interact and devise good sales plans should come naturally to him.
As mentioned in the question, every salesperson must do 150
sales calls in every quarter so this is the basis of
2. Take an appointment and meet with
a senior sales person from two industries – Pharma industry (such as Sun
Pharma, Lupic, Dr. Reddy’s, Glaxo or any other company) and Engineering
industry (such as L&T, BHEL, ABB, Siemens or any other company). Study and
prepare the sales organization structure of these two companies.
Answer: An organization can be viewed as a body formed with an
objective of achieving specified goals. The design of the organization pertains
to its structure, the path chosen for achieving set goals, the process adopted
and myriad variables. The structure, which is one of the core elements defining
an organization is also not static and evolves over time, as per the perceived
need to fulfil the goals. If sound practices are followed in setting up the
sales department, the resulting structure takes on features of one or more of
four basic types: line, line and staff, functional and committee. The grouping
of activities into positions and the charting of relationships of positions
causes the organisation to take on structural form.
Type of sales organization structure
1. Line
sales organisation:
The line sales organisation is the oldest and simplest sales organisational
structure. It is widely used in smaller firms. For instance, smaller companies
that cover a limited geographic area or sell a
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3. Raymond Fibres Ltd is a fibre
making company in India. They are predominantly in fashion wear from men and
women. The fibre market is divided into natural and synthetic fibres. The
company has 5 plants in India and employs over 700 sales people. The company
competes with the Reliance group which is one of the leading synthetic fibre
makers along with some global players such as DuPont. However, the company has
been hit with the economic slowdown in the country. To make things worse, cheaper
imports of fashion wear from China and e-commerce has affected store sales. The
sales people in the company are feeling demotivated. The sales people have put
pressure on the top management to improve their salary.
a. What alternatives will you
suggest to the top management to improve the salary plan to the sales
employees?
b. What are some of the
non-financial tools of motivation that you can use.
Answer: a) Motivation is “the process that account for an
individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a
goal.” Motivation is important to an individual because:
●
Motivation helps to achieve personal goals.
●
Motivation gives job satisfaction.
●
Motivation helps in self-development of individual.
●
An individual would always gain by working with a dynamic team.
Similarly, motivation is important
to a business because:
●
The more motivated the employees are, the more empowered the team
is.
●
The more is the team work and individual employee contribution,
more profitable and successful is the business.
●
During period of change, there is more adaptability and
creativity.
●
Motivation leads to an optimistic and challenging attitude at work
place.
Productivity is generally defined as the output
Course: Taxation- Direct and indirect
Internal Assignment Applicable for April
2020 (last date 28 March 2020) Examination
1. Leo Messi, a football player
visits India for 110 days in every financial year. This has been his practice
for the past ten years. Explaining the conditions to determine the residential
status, find out his residential status for the assessment year 2019-20. Also,
comment on whether he is resident but not ordinarily resident during the
previous year 2018-19.
Answer: The computation of total income of a person and incidence
of tax depends on his residential status. The residential status has nothing to
do with the citizenship of a person. The residential status of an assessee is
determined with reference to his residence (stay or physical presence) in India
during the previous year. To determine the taxable income of a person the
residential status is required to be determined for each assessment year.
Why to determine residential status?
Section 6 is the charging section
which governs the residential status of an Individual. Since the total
income of an assessee varies according to his residential status in India, the
incidence of tax shall also very according to such residential status in India.
The basic rules for determining residential status of an assessee are:
(i)
Determine residential status for each category of persons
separately e.g. there are separate set of rules for determining the residential
status of an individual, firm, AOP, companies, etc.
(ii)
Determine residential status for the previous year and not the
assessment year because the total income is determined of the previous year
only.
(iii)
Determine every year the residential status of a person on the
basis of number of days stay in India. It may change from year to year.
(iv)
Residential status of a person is applicable to all source of
income.
(v)
Citizenship of a country and residential status are separate
concepts. A person may be an India citizen, but may not be a resident in India.
On the other hand, a person may be a foreign national / citizen, but he may be
a resident of India.
Rules for determining
2. GST has made tax structure simple
and clear. It brings better compliance and ensures more transparency in
business affairs. GST has facilitated desired competition and coordination
between central and state authorities. Discuss any five points highlighting the
benefits of GST.
Answer: GST is a comprehensive indirect tax levy subsuming all
central and state levies with a single unified value added tax transforming the
nation into one single market. Major Central and State taxes are subsumed into
GST which will reduce the multiplicity of taxes, and thus bring down the
compliance cost. As per Article 366
of The Constitution (One Hundred & First Amendment) Act, 2016 Goods and services tax means any tax
on supply of goods, or services or both except taxes on the supply of the
alcoholic liquor for human consumption. Consequently, GST can be levied on
supply of all goods and services except alcoholic liquor for human consumption.
First of all Mr. Bob needs to understand the levy of GST. It
determines the point at which tax would be levied, i.e. the taxable event. GST
has brought a single and unified taxable event which is supply, i.e., tax would be payable on the
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3. a. Mr. Abraham is one of the
whole time director of Sidha Shila Group of companies He receives Rs 50000 per
month as sitting fees from the company for the financial year. He is also an
active partner in Sankalp LLP (limited liability partnership) from where he
receives Rs 50000 as salary per month for the financial year. Discuss about
chargeability of such income in the hands of Mr. Abraham, for the financial
year 2019-20.
Answer: The Companies Act, 2013 does not have any provisions
restricting payment of sitting fees to Managing Director(MD) or
Whole-time/Executive Director(WTD/ED). Therefore, they can be paid sitting fees
for attending meeting of Board of Directors of a company.
Though generally the Managing / Whole-time Directors of
companies are not paid any sitting fees for attending meeting of board of
directors of the company. Mostly, this is because of the remuneration terms
fixed for them by the board of directors and approved by the shareholders and
also generally, the articles of associations of most of the companies contains
an article which restricts payment of sitting fees to Managing /
3. b. Mr. Mohsin is an employee of
L& T Infra. The company provides an interest free loan to Mr. Mohsin for
three years. The loan amount was Rs 75000 for medical treatment in respect of
tuberculosis. Discuss with suitable reasons, the value of the benefit to the
assesse resulting from the interest free loan provided by the company to Mr.
Mohsin.
Answer: A ‘perquisite’ is a benefit offered by the employer to an
employee based on his job designation. Such a benefit is considered under the
head ‘Salary’ for tax purposes. Similarly, an interest-free or concessional
loan provided by an employer is taxable as a ‘perquisite’ for an employee.
Therefore, the employer should deduct tax at source (TDS) on the interest
chargeable on the loan, as part of the employees’ salary.
Method of calculation
●
Step 1: Find out the aggregate
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