December 2021 Examination
1. “Entrepreneurs have built successful companies by being
able to exploit unmet needs in the market.” Considering the situation, describe
the competencies needed by entrepreneurs for starting a start-up in today’s
era? (10 Marks)
Introduction:
All aspiring entrepreneurs have to collect and
practice specific capabilities and behavior. Entrepreneurs require
interpersonal and self-leadership competencies as well as business competence,
yet they are often omitted. Continue studying for guidelines on how to develop
and placed those skills to use. Successful entrepreneurs are regularly
characterized by hazard-taking, boldness, and a clear imagination and
prescience. But, these are natural predispositions or characteristics of
temperament; using them as a yardstick, it is mistakenly assumed that only
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2. “Many of the successful companies that
we see today had their humble beginnings as a bootstrapped enterprise. Examples
of these include Dell Computers (DELL), Facebook Inc. (FB), Apple Inc. (AAPL),
Clorox Co. (CLX), Coca Cola Co. (KO), etc.” If they can do it, so can you.
Identify the different types of bootstrapping strategies/ideas that an
entrepreneur can map? (10 Marks)
Introduction:
The begin-up process can’t be a fad. An entrepreneur
faces several challenges even as attempting to show their organization concept
right into a worthwhile venture. Some of these encompass money, marketplace
research, setting up a niche, and assembling a team. Bootstrapping a start-up
does now not begin with fantastic thoughts however rather a desire to set up a
call for oneself and deal with pressing market concerns. Even when you have an
extraordinary idea for an
3. Your work is going to fill a large part of your life,
and the only way to be truly satisfied is to do what you believe is great work.
And the only way to do great work is to love what you do.
–Steve Jobs, Co-Founder, Chairman, and CEO, Apple
a. From the viewpoint of the entrepreneur, describes
different methods of generating/sources the new ideas for an innovative
business? (5 Marks)
Introduction:
Ideas serve as the foundation upon which we
construct. They might be spoken, written, or pictorial. A method for producing
ideas is a methodical, systematic approach to trouble-solving. Being an
entrepreneur is having the capacity to begin and perform your own company. The
ability to generate new thoughts is critical to the achievement of an
entrepreneur’s mission. It
b. In starting your start-up, it is absolutely important
to possess funds for doing the business, Considering the fact enlist the
different sources of capital for start-ups that would act as the source for the
funds? (5 Marks)
Introduction:
It’s hard for a business
to decide on significant sources of funding and get start-up capital. You’re
the business proprietor, and also you’re assured of your capacity to turn a
top-notch concept right into a thriving company. On the other hand, persuading
people of the price of your
International Business & Export Import Management
December 2021 Examination
Question 1. “Entities engaged in International Business
often face more difficulties then the entities which conduct Domestic
Business.” – Critically evaluate the statement.
(10 Marks)
Introduction
Business is defined as the flow of goods for money that could also
arise internal or outdoor a rustic's borders. The home company refers to trade
that transpires within the nation's navy geographic barriers, while the global
agency refers to alternate that occurs across international locations on an
international scale. Transnational business organizations regularly encounter
more significant problems than home business businesses. Even though
multinational companies have a considerable client base considering they
function in several nations. But right here is an
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Question 2. An Indian textile and apparel Brand “Arvind Limited” wants to enter
into Middle East Market with its mens’ fashion clothing range.
What are the choices available to
enter into this overseas market and what is the best suited option? (10 Marks)
Introduction
Many organizations attain a level in their improvement after they
desire to increase abroad and gain entry to new—several important entrance
barriers reason issues for this kind of firm. On occasion, there are evolved
marketplaces in other nations that offer identical items and services, making
it more challenging for corporations to compete. Many businesses prefer to
follow a monetary plan to sign up for the market in times consisting of this
one efficiently.
Question 3. Ganesh began a
mask manufacturing unit in Chennai ten years ago. He sells surgical masks to
several medical institutions in South India. Though the business is doing well
Ganesh started to feel that he should
expand the business by attracting more
customers. Ganesh has an opportunity to sell the masks to Sri Lanka and
Mauritius. He has also been contacted by a party in Gurgaon for sales. Based on
his production capacity Ganesh can either take up the North India market.
a. What factors are to be considered by Ganesh to decide if
he wants to go for exports in Sri Lanka and Mauritius? (5 Marks)
b. If Ganesh decides to go for Exports what procedure and
documents are required? (5 Marks)
Introduction
Exporting marketing refers to the technique of imparting products
or services to an exceptional nation. Components are produced or delivered from
the industry's local country to clients in different countries. But, there is a
distinction between items available to global countries and people that are
explicitly centered on overseas customers. This is wherein an international
sales promotion comes into the picture.
Human Resources Management
December 2021 Examination
Question 1. ‘Kinetic
Electronics Ltd’ is an electronics company in Delhi NCR. The top management
plans to open new branches pan India so they want to create a dynamic human
resource department for managing employee functions. You have been appointed as
their HR Head. Explain to the top management, what will be the importance of
your department in this expansion. Give
some examples in the context of this company. (10 Marks)
Introduction
Human sources (HR) is the corporate section that identifies,
screens, hires, trains applicants, and administers worker benefits
applications. HR is vital in assisting companies in dealing with the
quick-converting business surroundings and the growing desires of professional
people in the 21st century. Additional human resources duties include income
and benefits, recruitment, dismissal, and amending any regulations that impact
the company and its personnel. The presence of an HR department is a vital
detail of any business, regardless of the company's size.
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Question 2. A
pharmaceutical company wants to focus on improving its human resource planning
function. They have hired you as an HR consultant for this purpose. Suggest
what factors you are going to consider that might affect the human resource
planning of the firm. Elaborate them with corporate examples. (10 Marks)
Introduction
The making plans of human sources define the incessant approaches
of the methodical scheduling to accomplish premiere usage of all of the
property owned by an established order. Right here, the property is the skilled
personnel of regular order. It reassures that the correct people are assigned
for suitable designations. It outcomes in the even distribution of a group of
workers at some point of the status quo. It is noted that no division is
understaffed or overstaffed.
Question 3. Arun Gupta, the
VP – HR of ‘Synoptic Tech
Solutions Ltd’ assigned
the task of assessing
the effectiveness of its human resource planning to the HR Department. However, his team
informed him that this assessment is not going well as they had expected.
Keeping this context in mind, answer the following:
a. The HR department is facing certain problems in human
resource planning. Explain what
barriers you think they are facing in effective implementation of human
resource planning. Give some suggestions
on how to overcome them. (5 Marks)
b. What suggestions will you give them for forecasting human
resource requirements in case the company plans to expand? Suggest any 3
methods. Which one do you think is most effective for an IT firm? (5 Marks)
Introduction
The department of human assets is similarly tremendous for coping
with the increase of a business. Many have the impression that the marketing
division and the sales team are alone responsible for an industry boom. In the
meantime, the HR branch is responsible for the growth of the business by using
handling the identification of suitable employees and planning the sources.
Financial Management
December 2021 Examination
1. Given the Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) is
Rs 30000
The interest payment is Rs 10000
Dividend on the preference shares Rs9000
Taxes being 50% of the profit before taxes (PBT).
Number of outstanding equity shares 10000
What would be the earning per share (EPS) and degree of
financial leverage (DFL),
What would be the change in EPS, and DFL, if the EBIT
increases to Rs50000 and Rs80000?
Note- you have to calculate three EPS and three
calculations for DFL (10 Marks) –
Introduction
As the
term implies, a company's use of debt in its capital shape offers it economic
leverage. A boom in debt inside the capital structure will raise the financial
danger since debt comes with interest bills that the company should pay whether
or not they are worthwhile. A trademark of how sensitive profits in step with
proportion (EPS) are to changes in running income is the quantity of monetary
leverage a company has (EBIT). With regards to assessing the economic hazard of
an employer's activities, this ratio is critical. While a firm has an excessive
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2. Capital budgeting can be described as the mechanism by
which businesses determine the purchasing of significant fixed assets such as
machinery, equipment, and buildings, as well as the acquisition of other
businesses, either through the purchase of equity shares or a group of assets,
to conduct ongoing operations. Discuss any five of the basic techniques of
capital budgeting (10 Marks)
Introduction:
Determining which proposed purchases of constant property it has to
receive and which need to be refused is referred to as capital budgeting. This
system is used to generate a quantitative evaluation of each potential
investment in fixed assets, providing investors with an excellent basis on
which to base their decisions. To position it another manner, if funding in
constant property would not work out, the enterprise might move bankrupt. As a
result, for huge-scale regular asset proposals, capital budgeting is a
have-to-do challenge. Investing minor quantities of
3.a. An investor expects to receive Rs 572750 at the end
of 20 years to keep his retirement life happy. Discuss how much money he should
invest in a lump sum to meet his expectation at the given prevailing interest
rate of 10% per annum. Discuss the concept of the time value of money you
applied here (5 Marks)
Introduction:
According to the Time value of money, an amount of cash is worth
greater today than it will likely be at a later point due to the earnings
capability it has within the intervening length. This is a basic guideline of
monetary planning. An amount of money to your own is worth extra than the equal
sum paid within the destiny. Also called the current discounted price, the time
cost of cash
3.b. How much wealth Rs 20000 would produce if it's invested in a
fixed deposit for the tenure of 12 years at an interest of 8% per annum. Also,
discuss the concept of compounding and calculating the future value of money (5
Marks)
Introduction:
Compounding is the exercise of reinvesting an asset's profits,
together with capital gains or interest, intending to produce extra earnings
over time. Exponential functions are used to compute this increase, which
happens due to the investment receiving interest on each of its
Design
Thinking
December 2021 Examination
1. The Chief Operating Officer of an
entertainment company, ZombiePark, wants to better understand their young
customers - children - in order to come up with a new ride called “Junglee
Memes”. What is the process and steps involved in coming up with an innovative
experience that actually smoothens the process of checking in? (10 Marks)
Introduction
The innovation technique is all
approximately changing previous rules, regulations, methods, and business
approaches to boom running facilities and business needs in a competitive
state. Further, it consists of the adjustments in technology and device used to
fulfill the enterprise targets and financial growth. But, on this content
material, the adjustments that assist enhance leisure for individuals and
follow new techniques for children's amusements are typically identified as an
innovation process. Moreover, the unique enhancements needed for this Its Half
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2. Consider improving the experience
of senior people above the age of 60 years at a 4-star hotel in the suburbs of
Mumbai. What will be the research plan you will create for this purpose? (10
Marks)
Introduction
Similarly, the customer's reports related to
business growth play a sizeable position because it affects score approximately
offerings and stage of the company's work. Furthermore, it isn't always smooth
to start a business and run efficiently because, inside the marketplace, many
aggressive companies and companies are available inside the equal fields that
affect their market and charge the customer's necessities in business. But, it
is appropriate for enterprise folks to investigate the competition and sources
that help or offer sensible thoughts for managing hard
3. The CEO of a small hospital
chain, MedSpac, has been noticing increasing complaints from patients regarding
their in-hospital experience. On initial findings, it was found that these
complaints are coming from their primary patient base (25-40 years, pregnant
mothers). The CEO wants to identify the problems and improvements areas at the
hospitals. He wants to improve the overall patient experience and has kicked
off a project with you as a consultant.
a. You have been asked to help them
better empathize and understand their customers. What are the deliverables you
will produce to document this understanding? Describe the content and purpose
of these deliverables with short examples.
(5 Marks)
Introduction
Shipping means varieties of services organizations
provide to their clients and looking to amplify their goal customers in
business. However, it wishes strong and excessive focus when customers'
requirements are extra vital for the organization. Furthermore, health facility
clients need great care and polite behavior from employees and getting robust
fitness care in pandemic conditions.
b. Once you have developed a
thorough customer understanding, you are expected to present insights and come
up with a problem statement for the CEO to approve. Provide the problem
statement with supporting insights. (5 Marks)
Introduction
Similarly, clients' troubles display the specific
issues and offerings that want more significant time and information to clear
up and increase the rating for business help. Moreover, it's far on occasion
important due to affecting the organization's reputation and photo value of
corporation
Consumer
Behaviour
December
2021 Examination
Question. 1 Ms. Schauna Chauhan the CEO of Parle Agro,
plans to start off with a new range of products for Health Drinks. Chalk out
consumer research techniques and tactics that can be used to understand
consumer’s behaviour for this new upcoming product. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The
behavior of consumers investigates how character purchasers, groups, or
corporations pick out, acquire, use and provide ideas, commodities, and
services to reply to their wants and goals. It issues consumer conduct in the
marketplace and the motivations behind them. Salespersons count on that they
can determine using knowing what drives clients to buy certain goods and
services — what gadgets are required, which are old-fashioned on the market,
and how nice it to offer the commodities to clients. Two essential varieties of
purchaser studies are available Its Half solved only
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Question 2. Mr. Ahuja decides to purchase a house
for his family. His family consist of 4 people (namely his wife n he and his
mother aged 65 and his 4 year old son). What are the various factors he will
have to consider for his decision making process? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A decision-making process is a person's sequence of steps to choose
the excellent approach or route of motion to meet his requirements. The
management at a company adopts some methods to decide the direction of the
enterprise and launch particular moves. Ideally, business selections are
primarily based on goal and objective evaluation supported via BIs and
analytical gear.
Question .3 In today’s situation of Covid -19 Pandemic when the offline
world is affected severely.Kindly throw light over the online system of
consumer behaviour with respect to the given questions:
a.
Consumer behaviour with respect to online shopping of grocery items. (5
Marks)
b.
Consumer behaviour with respect to online education. (5 Marks)
Ans 3
Introduction
Online customer behavior is the method thru which clients decide to
buy eCommerce items. The behaviors and trouble identification or buying
selections are primarily based on ever-changing expectancies and needs.
The behaviors involved in online food shopping include contact with
statistics; get the right of entry to budget, and transactions. The contact
facts " happens while people contact information
Business and Allied Law
December 2021 Examination
Question no 1. Suraj purchased a mobile phone from an authorized showroom of a specific brand, after
taking the mobile at home, he found that there is a crack in the screen. He went back to the showroom, but the showroom owner, was not ready to accept and blamed him that the phone was handled by Suraj carelessly and hence the screen
got
broken.
In your
view, what Suraj should do and get this repaired?
(10
Marks
Ans 1.
Introduction
Suraj
bought a phone from an approved dealership of a selected brand, but he
discovered that the display screen turned cracked when he got it home. He
lowered back to the dealership, but the owner became unwilling to take it and
accused him of mishandling the cellphone, resulting in the display screen
breaking. As in line with this scenario, many situations can arise that are
helpful for Suraj or some points that can be disadvantageous for Suraj Its Half
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Question no 2. A partnership firm doesn’t have the legal existence as a separate legal entity.
Explain the statement with a comparative analysis with LLP firms. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
It's most effective a term given to the human beings that make up the group. people who have set up a business partnership are known as "partners," a "Partnership Firm" is known as a "Partnership company," and the call beneath which their business is conducted is called the "company name." The contributors of a partnership business do now not form a separate prison entity. As a result, in contrast to a corporation with a separate prison existence from its participants, a company cannot own property, rent servants, or be a debtor or creditor. It isn't
Question
No 3. Madhur’s father, was a
social worker and very actively working for a well-maintained area in his
vicinity. He used to ensure that all the
public amenities are used well and maintained properly. One of the road in his
area got washed out during a very heavy rains and he filed a request to
Municipal Corporate for repairs and maintenance around
5 years before. He was struggling to get his work done and
even was not able to understand where the process is stuck. After observing his father’s frustration,
Madhur suggested below points to his father:
a. Check if Municipal
Corporation is coming under the RTI Act or not?
(5 Marks)
b. File an RTI to get
all the information’s and updates from Municipal Corporation.
Are you also agree (or
disagree) with Madhur on his suggestions to his father? Give your views on both
the above points. (5 Marks)
Ans 3.
Introduction
Madhur's father was a social worker who labored tirelessly to ensure that his neighborhood changed into properly-saved. He made sure that all public centers were nicely used and adequately maintained. One of the roads in his area flooded away because of heavy rains, and he submitted a request for maintenance and upkeep with Municipal, corporate approximately five years in the past. He became having hassle completing his job and could not discern how the procedure became getting stopped. If so, Madhur has decided to report RTI to approximately
Essentials of Financial Accounting
December 2021 Examination
1. A business entity named Arvind
Pharma has one of the branch offices in the city of Madurai. The branch
performs small-scale operations. The head office maintains the various accounts
related to the branch. Discuss the type of accounts that could be possibly
prepared at the head office in the case certain goods are supplied at Cost
price, and certain goods are supplied at selling price (10 Marks)
Introduction:
Branch Accounting is a bookkeeping technique in which separate
accounts are stored for each branch or working location of an organization. As
a result, transactions, cash flows, and every branch's usual monetary
popularity and performance are extra transparent. also known as department
money owed. Those are the information stored at corporate headquarters and are
used to illustrate the performance of various places. Maximum branches keep
their statistics and then send them into commands to be merged with other
devices, called branch accounting. A
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2. Vrinda Beauty Parlor is
operating in Agra. For the year 2021, the parlor generated the following
financials.
From the following information given below, define each
term (gross Profit, operating Profit, and net Profit) and determine the amount
of operating and net Profit.
|
Revenue from Services provided |
4500000 |
|
Cost of services rendered |
1000000 |
|
Salaries Paid |
400000 |
|
Salaries Expenses to be paid |
150000 |
|
Interest paid on Long term loan
taken for 15 years |
75000 |
|
Dividend income |
110000 |
|
Purchased furniture for |
500000 |
Note-
·
Defining each of the
terms (gross profit, operating Profit, and Net Profit)- (6 Marks)
·
Computing operating
profit and net profit - (4 Marks)
Introduction:
Financial metrics, which include income, are automatically used to
assess the health of a company. In their financial accounts, companies reveal
numerous different versions of profit figures that may be compared. In a few
instances, all revenue and value objects are considered, as they're inside the
income declaration. Others are the result of control's and its accountants'
imaginative interpretations. that is, the net profits after casting off all
dollar costs from general revenue, also known as accounting income. To be
particular, it indicates how much cash is left
3.a. Sun enterprises sell umbrellas
worth Rs 5000 on credit to Mr. Geet. Discuss how M/s Sun enterprise and Mr.
Geet will record the transaction in their books by passing a journal entry.
Discuss how the amount will be reflected in the Balance Sheet of both parties,
if any. (5 Marks)
Introduction:
Journal entries are by far one of the most critical abilities to
develop in a profession in accounting. Journal entries are essential to the
accuracy of financial statements, which would be a complete jumble in any other
case. Imagine the third law of motion, which states an equal and opposite
response for every action. As a result, each time a transaction happens within
a
3.b. Sun enterprises have given a loan to Mr. Preet for
Rs 3 lakhs. Discuss how M/s Fun enterprise and Mr. Preet will record the
transaction in their books by passing a journal entry. Discuss how the amount
will be reflected in the Balance Sheet of both parties, if any. (5 Marks)
Introduction:
Journals' relevance in academic life extends some distance past
their position as a method of communication and a repository of statistics.
Jour, the French phrase for "day," is used to create the English word
journal. Because it captures all the transactional statistics daily, it is
called an
ESSENTIALS
OF IT
December 2021 Examination
1. From the following link Download the
Company-data of Ladakh and highlight as per the below-given points using
Conditional formatting.
Link
for Download Required
Data: https://data.gov.in/catalog/company-master-
data?filters%5Bfield_catalog_reference%5D=354261&format=json&offset=0&limit=6&s
ort%5Bcreated%5D=desc
Task 1: Top 10 Active Registered companies as
per the paid-up Capital. Hight public companies form this top 10 list.
Task 1.2: Sort the above top 10 companies and
make their placement on the top of the data matrix. (take a snapshot of this
arrangement once it is done, here you are advised to keep five columns only;
CORPORATE_IDENTIFICATION_NUMBER, Company_Name, Company_status, Company_class,
PAIDUP_CAPITAL )
Task 2: Using Pivot Table, prepare a frequency
table of Active Registered Companies as per the
“PRINCIPAL_BUSINESS_ACTIVITY_AS_PER_CIN”. Please identify the type of active
companies higher in numbers. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Established
Paid up capital is the quantity of cash that an organization has obtained from
economic supporters in change for fairness. Settled capital is created when a
company gives its thoughts on the primary marketplace directly to financial
backers, regularly through the first offer of stock (IPO). While suggestions
are sold and bought among monetary supporters on the discretionary market, no
more outstanding, settled capital is created because the proceeds from such
transactions visit the selling financial backers, now not the reliable Its Half
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2. Apply filter as per the following points on
D3 Table, census 2011 and show the data pattern using Treemap chart separately
for male and female both with consideration of their reason for migration.
1) focus
on Total-to-Total migration [select Total from ‘last residence type (Total/
rural/ urban)” and “place of enumeration
type(Total/ rural/ urban)”]
2) focus
on “States in India beyond the state of enumeration” from ‘Last Residence’.
3) also,
focus on Total from “state of the last residence”
4) also,
focus on “All duration” from ‘duration of residence’
5)
consider the Data for “India” (select India from ‘Area Name’)
Important instruction: provide the resultant
table with appropriate titles (or snapshot) then show the graphs. The resultant
table should cover all reasons for migration and respective figures for male
and female migrants. Use Data Labels and Assign a suitable title to your
chart. (10
Marks)
Donload the data from here
=>: https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/d-series/d-3.html
Ans 2.
Introduction
Treatment is a process of showing hierarchical facts with nesting
figures, generally rectangles, for visualizing and utilizing computer records.
Tree maps are a series of nested rectangles that represent hierarchical
(tree-dependent) data. The rectangle is supplied with every branch of the tree
sub-branched in tiled form with smaller rectangles. A rectangle of the leaf
node has a place proportionate to that of the facts. The leaf nodes are
frequently colored to suggest a distinct data measurement. When the scale of
color and length are in
Q 3a. Assign grades to the following students by
considering the following grading pattern
using Vlookup. (take a
snapshot of your worksheet and share as an answer and please make sure that your formula is visible in the same)
Table: Suggested grading pattern.
|
Marks |
Grade |
|
Less than 35 marks |
D |
|
35-44 |
C |
|
45-54 |
C+ |
|
55-64 |
B |
|
65-74 |
B+ |
|
75-84 |
A |
|
85 and above marks |
A+ |
Data Table: Roll number-wise marks
secured by the students
in
statistics.
|
Student_Roll_Number |
Marks (out of 100) |
|
1 |
7 |
|
2 |
75 |
|
3 |
58 |
|
4 |
92 |
|
5 |
66 |
|
6 |
41 |
|
7 |
94 |
|
8 |
11 |
|
9 |
3 |
|
10 |
14 |
|
11 |
30 |
|
12 |
6 |
|
13 |
59 |
|
14 |
14 |
|
15 |
31 |
|
16 |
70 |
|
17 |
83 |
|
18 |
64 |
|
19 |
78 |
|
20 |
56 |
|
21 |
90 |
|
22 |
34 |
|
23 |
81 |
|
24 |
84 |
|
25 |
53 |
|
26 |
58 |
|
27 |
8 |
|
28 |
96 |
(5 Marks)
3.b. Calculate the mean and the standard deviation from the following data with the help of
EXCEL functions. Here, mean and SD need to be calculated separately for four columns
(Total MSMEs, Micro, Medium, and Small Enterprises). Write your interpretation also.
|
State Name |
District Name |
Total MSMEs |
Total No Of_Micro_Enterprises |
Total No Of_Small_Enterprises |
Total No Of_Medium_ Enterprises |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
ALMORA |
1235 |
1069 |
149 |
17 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
BAGESHWAR |
836 |
805 |
29 |
2 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
CHAMOLI |
739 |
688 |
49 |
2 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
CHAMPAWAT |
802 |
745 |
55 |
2 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
DEHRADUN |
12604 |
10599 |
1909 |
96 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
HARIDWAR |
8882 |
6416 |
2262 |
204 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
NAINITAL |
3752 |
3002 |
676 |
74 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
PAURI GARHWAL |
4955 |
4678 |
264 |
13 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
PITHORAGARH |
1061 |
962 |
95 |
4 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
RUDRA PRAYAG |
740 |
698 |
37 |
5 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
TEHRI GARHWAL |
1399 |
1227 |
163 |
9 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
UDHAM SINGH NAGAR |
9746 |
7763 |
1844 |
139 |
|
UTTARAKHAND |
UTTARKASHI |
1114 |
1002 |
111 |
1 |
(5 Marks)
Part A
Introduction
VLOOKUP formulae are generally used to make simulations bendier and
consist of various scenarios in economic modeling and other financial analyses.
For example, a VLOOKUP may look for a low, slight to high layout and enter the
applicable economic modeling interest rate.
Discussion
The following is the grading system:
|
Marks |
Grade |
|
Less than 35 marks |
D |
|
35-44 |
C |
|
45-54 |
C+ |
|
55-64 |
B |
|
65-74 |
B+ |
|
75-84 |
A |
|
85 and above marks |
A+ |
Part B
Introduction
A standard deviation is a dimension that quantifies a statistics
set's dispersion from its average. While the data points are longer than
average, there is an extra massive difference inside the facts set;
subsequently, the more the records are sent, the more critical the same old
difference is. Using determining each difference between the records factor and
the implications, the standard
Micro Economics
December 2021 Examination
1. “Government plays a vital role
and provides the legal and social framework within which the economy operates
and maintains competition in the marketplace”. Describe the role of government
in socialist and mixed economy. (10 Marks)
Answer:
Introduction:
Socialist economy: Because of the flaws in the capitalist economy, some
philosophers and economists believed that the classes ought to be divided.
Socialists argued that the industrialists who produce privately suppress their
worker's rights. Hence, the notion that if the resources were shared between
the industrialists and critical planning, there could be a greater truthful and
identical distribution of offerings and goods in the market Its Half
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.
2. Demand and supply are the
important market forces in an economy .Describe the important determinants of
demand. (10 Marks)
Answer:
Introduction:
Demand: Demand is the number of products or offerings that
purchasers are prepared to shop for and can afford at specific rate levels at
some stage in a term. In other phrases, the demand for an awesome or provider
is a customer's preference to consume that proper or provider and their
willingness to pay for them. The rate of a service or product and its demand
have an inverse relationship. When a commodity or service price falls, its
demand rises as more excellent consumers can have enough money for the service
or product, and vice versa.
3.a.
Calculate the price elasticity of demand from the given table: (5 Marks)
|
Price of Notebook (Rs per
notebook) |
Quantity Demanded |
|
40 |
100 |
|
30 |
100 |
Answer:
Introduction:
Demand: Demand for a service or commodity is the desire or
ability to purchase them at a certain rate degree. Various factors or
determinants affect the demand for a provider or entity. These are the price of
related goods, the charge of the most incredible, customer profits, range of
3.b.
Calculate the price elasticity of demand from the given table: (5 Marks)
|
Price of Pen (Rs per Pen) |
Quantity Demanded |
|
25 |
50 |
|
20 |
100 |
Answer:
Introduction:
Demand: The willingness and ability of a customer to
purchase a commodity or service offer rise to its market. Subsequently, the
need for a commodity or service is the client’s preference and affordability
for that carrier or proper. The graphical illustration of a good’s demand is
its
Business
Communication
December 2021 Examination
Question
1.
Texas Communications a leading organization in
content writing and development arranges a Skill Development course for
freshers. One of the models for effective communication discussed by the soft
skills trainer is the PAIBOC model. Discuss the model with relevant examples
for each stage.
Ans 1.
Introduction
Talent planning is a significant driver of
alleviating poverty since it improves employment and output while selling
inexperienced supply chain establishment and employment advent. It fosters a
cycle of high manufacturing, extra process possibilities, earnings growth, and
development. However, this is only one in every of many factors influencing
performance, which is measured otherwise for humans, organizations, and the
overall. Productiveness ranges might be ascribed to the presence of educated
and competent labor, technical improvements and innovative Its Half
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Question
2. Rama is an essential member of the project management
team at Roots Pvt Ltd. Rama’s manager Raj is very particular about the use of
language and carefully chooses the words so as not to sound rude. Despite this,
the team members often feel intimidated. humiliated and insulted while
communicating with Raj as he often shouts and uses sarcastic tone. Which aspect
of communication does Raj need to work upon to be an effective communicator?
Discuss this component of communication in detail strictly applying it to Raj’s
case.
Ans 2.
Introduction
Communication is essential for each entire branch. The goal is to
tell the group of workers about new rules, brace for a herbal calamity, assure
employees' safety at some point in the enterprise, or respond to employee
conduct. In that case, good communication is an essential thing of effective
performance. To be profitable, businesses should have complete structures and
techniques for interacting with their elements, workers, customers, and the
general public.
Question
3. Joseph is an active online shopper. With his
experience in Online shopping, he is now able to place perfect orders and there
has never been a situation when Joseph had to return an order for any reason.
Last month Joseph planned to surprise his friend Riya by getting a beautiful
bag delivered at Riya’s address on her birthday. Riya could not contain her
excitement on receiving a surprise. It was a beautiful black fashionable bag
just as Riya had always wanted. She started using it as soon as she received
it. However, after a few days Riya got bored and asked Joseph if he could
return the bag as she felt the quality of the bag was not satisfactory. Joseph
wrote a letter to the vendor complaining about the bad quality of the bag and
requested a return and refund of the product. At the time of purchase, it was
clearly stated that only unused items in the original packing could be returned
within 15 days of purchase. The vendor arranged for a pickup from Riya’s place
but the pickup agent did not collect the bag as it was in a bad state and
seemed that it had been carelessly used. Moreover, the packing of the bag was
also missing. The vendor then replied to Joseph stating the reason for denial
of his request.
a. As Joseph, write a complaint letter to the
bag vendor. (5 Marks)
b. As vendor, write a letter to Joseph denying
the request.
Ans 3.
Introduction
Online retailing is getting highly appealing to a plethora of
functions. If a person wants to buy, they could never be longer tied to
contacting spouse and children and friends because there are many item
assessments on the net platform that provide feedback from real clients of a
product. Environmental reasons, including high fuel costs, difficulties
visiting traditional shops, and the
3B.
As a vendor, write a letter to Joseph denying
the request.:
Recipients
Name
Address
line
State, ZIP Code
Essentials of Management
Question no 1.
PVR has hired you
as a consultant in order to help them design a plan to regain success and
achieve more sales once the government allows re-opening of theatres in India
post the Covid 19 lockdown. Can you help them design an entire planning process
for the same?
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cinema
halls outside containment zones in many Indian states reopened after being
closed for seven and a half months. However, things will no longer be the same.
In India, a social event and an essential supply of entertainment, movies need
to adapt to a new era of movie viewing. Not anything like this has ever
happened within the international, and business has been seriously broken. On
this Covid-19 pandemic, every theatre took considerable damage in a short
period. However, there is the notion that theatres will live on in the long
run. It's now not genuinely a Its Half solved only
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Question no 2
The state governments
of various states have relaxed the norms for reopening of restaurants till 10pm
in most parts of India. You are hired as a consultant by Yum Brands which owns
multiple franchises in India like Taco Bell, KFC & Pizza Hut. They are
unable to take a decision with regards to whether they should open all their
branches of multiple brands for in restaurant dining and whether they should
open them till 10pm? Can you please guide them about the Decision-Making
Process and help them take the best decision?
Ans 2.
Introduction
A decision-making technique is a set of steps to determine the best choice or course of action. It is a set of plans taken via a control to assess the anticipated duration of business strategy and devote particular interest to motion. The selection-making process includes levels such as framing a desire, accumulating facts, and evaluating feasible options. A step-with the aid of-step selection-making technique can help a person make extra prudent, considerate decisions by
Question No 3
Rocket Gardens, a newly set
up company dealing in wholesale and distribution of all Nursery and
Horticulture related items all over India, needs your help. They have 5 offices
in India in Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Bengaluru. They have an
employee strength of around 100 employees in each office. They have a turnover
of Rs 50 Cr per annum on an average
a. What are the
different departmentalization options and which would suit their organization
the most? (5 Marks)
b. What are the
different organizational structure options and which would suit their
organization the most?
Ans 3.
Introduction
Teams from various sectors are brought together to perform an organization's common purpose. These organizations characteristic a large variety of personnel that does similar activities for the business enterprise's gain. People are grouped according to the responsibilities and activities they
b)
Different
organizational Structures
·
The
structure is hierarchical
Employees are classified and assigned a superior in a hierarchical organizational shape. Employees are probably classified based on their job title, location, or the goods or services they supply.
Macro Economics
December 2021 Examination
Q1.
Explain the Major Scope of Macro Economics (10 Marks)
Answer 1.
Introduction:
Macroeconomics: In macroeconomics, there is an economic theory or a
department of economics which focuses on the theory of the overall economy.
Differently speaking, it can be said that it is considerably much more than a
gadget that does not consider financial devices like companies, families,
individuals, etc. as apart of the same device, but as part of one device. In
monetary terms, it facilitates the analysis of how the total amount of cash in
a country affects the level of interest in that country. In macroeconomics,
aggregate costs, aggregate supply, and Its Half
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Q2.
Explain the Three Sector Model of Economy with its Genesis & Circular Flow
of Income in 3 Sector Economies. (10 Marks)
Answer 2.
Introduction:
Circular
flow of income: In an economy,
circular flow of income can be defined as the non-stop and unending flow of
revenue, expenditure, and production of products and services. For example, one
can say that the circular flow of profits depicts the redistribution of an
economy's gains in a round-about way between the households and the
manufacturing units in a financial system. There are four elements that
constitute the circular glide of an economy: land, labor,
3.a.
You are given the following data. Calculate GNP and GDP at factor cost. (5
Marks)
|
GNPMP
|
700
|
|
Indirect
Taxes |
70
|
|
Subsidies
|
40
|
|
NFIA
|
150
|
|
Depreciation
|
50
|
|
Transfer
payments |
15
|
|
Retained
Earnings of Companies |
25
|
|
Personal
Taxes |
15
|
|
Personal
Savings |
80
|
Answer 3a.
Introduction:
GDP
(Gross Domestic Product): GDP is the gross market value of an economy's finished goods
and the value of its offered goods or services in economic terms synthesized
inside the country's boundaries over a certain period of time
3.b.
Explain J B Say’s Law of Market. (5 Marks)
Answer 3b.
Introduction
JB Say’s law of market: Jean-Baptiste Say, a very famous French economist,
was the one who developed Say's market law in 1803. It is well known that the
JB Say's Law of market theory is based on the classical economics theory that
the ability to purchase goods on the market depends on the ability to generate
income
Organizational
Behavior
December 2021 Examination
Q1. In your current occupation,
describe the top 5 abilities that help you perform your role effectively. Based
on your analysis, justify with appropriate examples, why the abilities of an
employee should match the job requirement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Employment is a key factor that influences people's lives and
alters their existence as a result of their challenging employment.
Furthermore, several departmental and enterprise tasks in the cutting-edge
scenario are more energizing, as they correspond to their current zeal and
subjects. Furthermore, worker interests are linked to activity pride since they
execute their tasks and offer perfection as a result of their whole stake,
particularly fields. However, it will be difficult to Its Half
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2. Is perception management
applicable in current times when we are working from home virtually and not
interacting personally with our co-workers and managers? Rationalize your
opinion with steps and measures that help you manage the process. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Employees can manage their personal and professional
lives in the workplace thanks to business work and various working methods.
Furthermore, when it comes to pandemic circumstances, operating flexibility
takes on a special role. Professionals work from their offices prior to the
epidemic and make every effort to alleviate business problems. Furthermore, in
today's world, social distance is the major factor influencing the company's
operations and culture. However,
Q3. Nikita is a Change Manager with
Nelson & Murdock. In the view of the way the business landscape is evolving
with more reliance on technology, she intends to bring about many new
initiatives which require employees to unlearn certain aspects and learn many
new approaches. Many learning theories have been prevalent, which organizations
use from time to time.
a. If employees need to learn
certain model behaviors demonstrated by leaders, which learning theory should
Nikita select for faster results? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Furthermore, learning notion helps define students'
and employees' actions linked to absorbing, acquiring, keeping, and processing
knowledge during their mastery phases in simple terms. Furthermore,
environmental, emotional, and cognitive business models and concepts aid in the
b. How does learning through
reinforcement bring about behavior modification in employees? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Businesses and employees are becoming stronger, and
connections are assisting in the development of solid and realistic brand
values as well as effective business applications for bringing target customers
closer to the company. Reinforcement is typically described as a process that
permits the provision of adequate energy to the establishment of sound fundamentals
Principles of Marketing
December 2021 Examination
Q1. Shyam Lal and sons has been a small
retailer for the last 50 years. Three generations of the family are involved in
the family-owned business. The business is located in a densely populated area
of Ville Parle, and the shop has been providing for the daily needs of
thousands of residents in the area then the Pandemic hit. Sales dwindled the
shop is facing an existential crisis. The youngest family member approaches you
a marketing consultant for advice on how to revive the business and remain
relevant. Create a plan of action for the company. Create a communication plan.
Create a consumer outreach plan (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In order to be successful in their
endeavors, businesses need to formulate a strategy that will help them achieve
their goals. However, an employer must be sure that they choose the right
strategic plan for their business, and they must ensure not to waste their time
and money on a wasteful plan. It is possible to move a strategic plan in the
wrong direction for plenty of reasons, but the most usual issue you encounter
in making a marketing strategy is that it is poorly designed and implemented.
The initial steps lead to unfulfilled desires after the first step. An action
plan is the Its Half solved only
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2. You are the marketing director of the
Athletics Federation of India. Athletics as a sport, although very interesting,
is not a popular audience sport in India. There is a massive uptick in interest
in athletics because of the success of Neeraj Chopra in the Olympics. How would
you generate consumer interest in athletics? Create a marketing plan for making
athletics a consumer sport using the 4 P model. (10 Marks)
Introduction
In order for an advertising campaign to be successful,
it is crucial to follow the four Ps of marketing. In order to summarize, these
are defined as the place, the product, the promotion, and the rate of a product
or service. There are four p's of the marketing mix. You will find exterior and
internal factors in the normal business atmosphere when you use the four p's.
Businesses use the four-piece to identify some critical points for their
business like what audience want from
3. You are the marketing director for
the Supermax streaming service. Before the commercial launch of the service,
what are the key issues that you need to address and understand?
a. As the marketing director plan a
research program with clearly defined target groups, geographies, demographics,
you shall prepare your research project (5 Marks)
Introduction
As one of the most basic and crucial components of
developing an advertising strategy or plan, marketing research plays a pretty
crucial role. If you are in charge of any marketing method in your company, you
will have to do your research in three principal places before planning any
particular marketing method. In terms of the target market, market
demographics, and market
b. Create a marketing plan for the
service. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
An advertising strategy is the main tool for any
company or product to reap the benefits desirable to them. Basically, a
marketing plan explains what exactly is going on in the market and provides a
summary of the information. A plan of action is put in place to meet a
corporation's needs. It is
Soft Skills for Managers
Question 1. “There are only
two types of speakers in the world. 1. The nervous and 2. liars.” – Mark Twain
In the light of the above statement, share your personal
opinion. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Public speakme
is a beautiful skill for aspiring managers and control students. The quoted
sentence shared through Mark Twain is inspiring to new starters at the level.
It changed into additionally known to be one of the most notable quotes of all
time. Audio systems aim to encourage their target audience. they have a cause
or goal of spreading recognition, sharing statistics, or suggesting ideas
regarding something. Nobody wishes their audience to no longer pay attention to
them. The inattentiveness from the audience or, in popular, level fright itself
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Question 2. Reflect on your
life and identify a habit that you would like to change. What are the changes
you will bring in your day-to-day life to overcome the above habit? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The habits of
every individual mold personal and professional lives. They can elevate the
probabilities of accomplishing all goals, or they reduce them substantially.
Some ways to hold habits are taught from formative years. Parents are the first
instructors of children. The presence of babysitters for toddlers or personal
tutors for kids has won reputation these days. But, after the global pandemic
of Covid-19, the state of affairs has modified. Jobs are far off, frequent
Question 3. 3. Case Study
The case study main goal is to show that first impressions are formed promptly
and are often highly precise. After seeing a person for just few seconds,
people make determinations about another’s personal and professional
attributes. Rahul/Ria is a 21-year-old fresher, who has just graduated from the
college. He/she has an important interview.
a. How much does a person’s dress style impact the First
Impression? Assume that you are Rahul/Ria what are the key areas that you would
work upon to create a lasting first impression? (5 Marks)
b. What are the set of etiquette that Rahul/Ria needs to
follow during the interview? (5 Marks)
Ans 3.
Introduction
Being Rahul, there must be several points regarding apparel that ought to be maintained. Choice of colors and dressing feel speak depths about the taste and character of people. They can make any other individual immediately like or dislike one. Shiny colors and patterns in a professional scenario typically express immaturity. Impartial colors and formal attires are good picks for an
3b ).
Etiquette is any other virtue for
a long-lasting impression. It could represent the personality of a candidate.
After judging a candidate primarily based on their attire, the subsequent step
is their etiquette. The manner a character conducts speaks volumes about them.
Rahul also brushed on
Business Statistics for Decision Making
December 2021 Examination
Q:1: The following table shows the details for some of the car models.
TABLE BELOW
|
Car |
Horsepower |
MPG |
|
Chevrolet Chevelle Malibu |
130.0 |
18.0 |
|
Buick Skylark 320 |
165.0 |
15.0 |
|
Plymouth Satellite |
150.0 |
18.0 |
|
AMC Rebel SST |
150.0 |
16.0 |
|
Ford Torino |
140.0 |
17.0 |
|
Ford Galaxie 500 |
198.0 |
15.0 |
|
Chevrolet Impala |
220.0 |
14.0 |
|
Plymouth Fury |
215.0 |
14.0 |
|
Pontiac Catalina |
225.0 |
14.0 |
|
AMC Ambassador DPL |
190.0 |
15.0 |
|
Citroen DS-21 Pallas |
115.0 |
0 |
|
Chevrolet Chevelle Concours |
165.0 |
0 |
|
Ford Torino |
153.0 |
0 |
|
Plymouth Satellite |
175.0 |
0 |
|
AMC Rebel SST |
175.0 |
0 |
|
Dodge Challenger SE |
170.0 |
15.0 |
|
Plymouth 'Cuda 340 |
160.0 |
14.0 |
|
Ford Mustang Boss
302 |
140.0 |
0 |
|
Chevrolet Monte Carlo |
150.0 |
15.0 |
|
Buick Estate Wagon |
225.0 |
14.0 |
|
Toyota Corolla Mark |
95.00 |
24.0 |
|
Plymouth Duster |
95.00 |
22.0 |
|
AMC Hornet |
97.00 |
18.0 |
|
Ford Maverick |
85.00 |
21.0 |
|
Datsun PL510 |
88.00 |
27.0 |
|
Volkswagen 1131 Deluxe Sedan |
46.00 |
26.0 |
|
Peugeot 504 |
87.00 |
25.0 |
|
Audi 100 LS |
90.00 |
24.0 |
A. You are required to find out the following for the ‘Horsepower’ and ‘MPG’ column:
a. Mean
b.
Median
c.
Mode
d. Variance
e.
Standard deviation
f.
Skewness
g. Kurtosis
B. Why do we use correlation analysis? What can be the maximum and minimum
values for correlation? Identify the correlation between Horsepower and MPG.
Instructions - Use MS-Excel to show your output. Write the formulae in the answer that
you use.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1A.
|
Horsepower |
MPG |
|
|
Mean |
157.63 |
12.46 |
|
Median |
156.50 |
15.00 |
|
Mode |
150.00 |
0.00 |
|
Variance |
1739.20 |
60.78 |
|
Standard
deviation |
41.70 |
7.80 |
|
Skewness |
-0.03 |
-0.78 |
|
Kurtosis |
-0.68 |
-0.69 |
The above table
shows the summary of the values requested within the question.
The easy mathematical common of or more numbers is called
a mean. Mean is simply the average of the dataset. Arithmetic suggests an
approach, which uses the sum of the numbers within the collection. The
geometric indicates a method, the standard of a hard and fast of products, is
two ways to determine the implications for a given series of numbers. However, Its Half solved only
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Ans 1B.
The determination
coefficient is far more helpful than the correlation coefficient because the
hyperlink between two variables X and Y, is statistically credible. It's far
marked through r2, and the correlation coefficient is honestly a square. At the
same time, as the correlation coefficient provides the energy of the hyperlink
entirely in the form of a cautiously selected adjective, the
Q2: The following table shows the data of house prices (per unit area) in various parts of a city in India. A real estate agency wants to find out if the house prices depend on various
factors like the age of the house, its distance from the nearest metro station and the number of nearby convenience stores. How will you help them in arriving at a conclusion?
|
House age |
Distance from nearest metro station |
No. of nearby convenience stores |
House price per unit area |
|
32 |
84.87882 |
10 |
37.9 |
|
19.5 |
306.5947 |
9 |
42.2 |
|
13.3 |
561.9845 |
5 |
47.3 |
|
13.3 |
561.9845 |
5 |
54.8 |
|
5 |
390.5684 |
5 |
43.1 |
|
7.1 |
2175.03 |
3 |
32.1 |
|
34.5 |
623.4731 |
7 |
40.3 |
|
20.3 |
287.6025 |
6 |
46.7 |
|
31.7 |
5512.038 |
1 |
18.8 |
|
17.9 |
1783.18 |
3 |
22.1 |
|
34.8 |
405.2134 |
1 |
41.4 |
|
6.3 |
90.45606 |
9 |
58.1 |
|
13 |
492.2313 |
5 |
39.3 |
|
20.4 |
2469.645 |
4 |
23.8 |
|
13.2 |
1164.838 |
4 |
34.3 |
|
35.7 |
579.2083 |
2 |
50.5 |
|
0 |
292.9978 |
6 |
70.1 |
|
17.7 |
350.8515 |
1 |
37.4 |
|
16.9 |
368.1363 |
8 |
42.3 |
|
1.5 |
23.38284 |
7 |
47.7 |
|
4.5 |
2275.877 |
3 |
29.3 |
|
10.5 |
279.1726 |
7 |
51.6 |
|
14.7 |
1360.139 |
1 |
24.6 |
|
10.1 |
279.1726 |
7 |
47.9 |
|
39.6 |
480.6977 |
4 |
38.8 |
You are required to do the following:
(a) Identify the dependent and the independent variables. (b) Apply multiple regression and show the output.
(c) What is the value of R-squared you found?
(d) How do you interpret the value of R-squared?
(e) Interpret if the overall regression model is
significant.
(f) Interpret if the impact of each of the independent variables are significant. Instructions: Use MS-Excel to show your output. (10 Marks)
A.
Multiple
Regressions is a collection of processes to describe the links between or more
significant variables or predictors and one dependant or variable of standards.
An established variable is modeled with the corresponding coefficients and
consistent situations as a feature of several separate variables. Multiple
regressions contain several independent variables and are hence referred to as
a couple of regressions. The goal is to give a version describing a based
variable and many impartial variables in a couple of regressions.
.
Q.3 Types of correlation. Correlation analysis
A behavioral scientist is interested in studying the effect of
stress on employee health for an organization. For this he has conducted a survey
and have collected data for
different parameters like health condition, emotional balance etc. He found out there is a direct correlation between emotional balance and illness among the employees. Based
on
this answer the following:
a. What are the various types of correlation that you know about between two variables? Explain them with diagrams. (5Marks)
b. What is the use of Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation? Write and explain the
formula for the same.
(5 Marks)
A.
Comparing two
variables' degree of association or dating is called correlation. Correlation
coefficients are used to quantify relationships.
One variable (X)
will increase, the other (Y) follows suit, and the correlation is positive.
There are various superb correlations, from 0 to +1, with +1 being an
appropriate advantageous correlation. A proportional increase accompanies each
unit increase in a single variable, which is
B.
Comparing variables' degree of association or relationship is called correlation. Correlation coefficients are used to quantify relationships. It is important to develop core notions at the correlation and its coefficient in popular earlier than going into info at the Karl Pearson Coefficient of Correlation. The correlation coefficient can be defined as a degree of the
Cost and Management Accounting
December 2021 Examination
Q1. The following figures have been extracted from the books of Z
Ltd. for the year ending 31st March 2020.
TABLE BELOW
|
Direct wages |
75,000 |
|
Indirect wages |
10,000 |
|
Other direct expenses |
15,000 |
|
Factory rent and rates |
500 |
|
Office rent and rates |
500 |
|
Indirect materials |
500 |
|
Depreciation of plant |
1,500 |
|
Depreciation of office furniture |
100 |
|
Managing Director’s remuneration |
12,000 |
|
General factory expenses |
5,700 |
|
General office expenses |
1,000 |
|
General selling expenses |
1,000 |
|
Travelling expenses |
1,100 |
|
Office salaries |
4,500 |
|
Carriage outward |
1,000 |
|
Advertisements |
2,000 |
|
Sales |
2,50,000 |
From the above figures, calculate the following:
(a) Prime cost
(b) Works cost
(c) Cost of production
(d) Cost of sales
(e) Net profit (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Numerous
additions to the overall price are shown on the cost sheet. The optimum selling
price of a product may be determined using the product's cost sheet. It is
possible to construct a value sheet using both historical and projected costs.
A historical value sheet is produced based on the actual costs incurred for the
product. Before the start of
manufacturing, a fee estimate sheet is made based totally on the projected
cost. All of the expenses related to a product or Its Half solved only
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2. M Ltd. produced three chemicals during the month of October 2020
by three consecutive processes. In each process, 2% of the total weight put in
is lost, and 10% of it is left as scrap, which from Processes I and II realizes
Rs. 10 a ton and from Process III Rs. 20 per ton. The products of the three
processes undertaken are as follows:
|
Process I |
Process II |
Process III |
|
|
Passed on to the Next Process |
75% |
50% |
- |
|
Transferred to Warehouse |
25% |
50% |
100% |
|
Expenses Incurred |
Qty |
Rs. |
Qty |
Rs. |
Qty |
Rs. |
|
|
1000 tons |
12,000 |
140 tons |
2,800 |
1348 tons |
10,784 |
|
Manufacturing Wages |
2,050 |
1,852 |
1,500 |
|||
|
General Expenses |
1,030 |
724 |
310 |
|||
Prepare Process Cost Account showing the cost per ton of each
product. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the manufacturing industry, using process costing estimates
costs are often taken into account when units are usually mass-produced by one
or more functions. It can be seen from the example of the production of
erasers, food for consumption, or chemicals. It is relatively easy to estimate
the cost of the technique itself in a system-based costing method (rather than
a job-based method in which individual tasks are costed separately). The total
cost of the method is then computed as the average of the costs associated with
a certain number of units of mass. In order to assign a
3.a. In process A, 1000 units of raw materials were introduced at
the cost of Rs. 15,000. Direct wages amounted to Rs. 7,500 and manufacturing
overheads to Rs. 5,000. 10% of the units trained are typically lost during
manufacture, and these are sold @ Rs. 5 per unit. The actual output of the
process was 940 units.
Prepare Process A Account and Abnormal Gain Account. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
When an industrially made product is calculated using
the process costing for production, it is possible to obtain an approximate
cost of production. It is possible that a company's average costs maybe
impacted by the varied kinds of products and services made and the great
variety of services nonetheless in the process at some point in time for the
show. In the interest of
3.b. A single commodity with a marginal cost of Rs.0.75 per unit is
manufactured by a company. Rs.12,000 are fixed expenses. The demand is such
that it can exchange up to Rs.40,000 units at Rs.1.50 per unit, so all further
purchases are to be done at Rs.1.00 per unit. A planned profit of Rs.20,000 is
in operation. How many units must be made and sold? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
To optimize production and routine activities, an employer should
determine the size at which economies of scale may be realized. Making or
manufacturing an additional superior unit results in an exchange of fundamental
manufacturing costs, referred to as the marginal cost of
Operations Research
December 2021 Examination
Question 1. A company
manufactures two products (A and B) and the profit per unit sold is Rs 3 and Rs
5 respectively. Each product must be assembled on a particular machine, each
unit of product A taking 12 minutes of assembly time and each unit of product B
25 minutes of assembly time. The company estimates that the machine used for
assembly has an effective working week of only 30 hours (due to
maintenance/breakdown).
Technological constraints
mean that for every five units of product A produced at least two units of
product B must be produced. Formulate the problem of how much of each product
to produce as a linear program and find the points of intersection for
maximization. The company has been offered the chance to hire an extra machine, thereby doubling the
effective assembly time available. What is the maximum amount you would be
prepared to pay (per week) for the hire of this machine and why? (10 Marks)
Introduction
An
organization produces products such as product A and B. The earnings won by
selling merchandise A and B in keeping with the unit are Rs 3 and Rs 5,
respectively. There may be a gadget that assembles the parts of the goods. For
the meeting of a single team of Product A, it takes 12 minutes. And for product
B, it takes 25 minutes. Consistent with the estimation, the machine works for
30 hours every week successfully (considering the maintenance and breakdown).
Some technical regulations call for the time taken to produce five devices of Its Half solved only
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Question 2. A firm produces three products
A, B, and C
each of which passes
through three different departments fabrication, finishing,
packaging. Each unit of product A
requires 3, 4 and 2 hours respectively, B requires 5, 4 and 4 hours
respectively and C requires 2, 4 and 5
hours respectively in 3 departments respectively. Every day 60
hours are available in fabrication department, 72 hours in finishing and
100 hours in packaging department. If unit contribution of unit A is Rs. 5, Rs.
10 for B and Rs. 3 for C. Then determine
number of units
of each product
so that total
contribution to cost
is maximized and also determine if any capacity would remain unutilized
using simplex method. (10 Marks)
Introduction
There are three products an employer manufactures;
products A, B, and C. In order to manufacture the A, B, and C products, they go
through unique processes. There are three steps of fabrication, finishing, and
packaging. Product A takes three hours, 4 hours, and a pair of hours for
fabrication, finishing, and packaging. Further, Product B takes 5 hours, 4
hours, and 4 hours for the three production steps. And Product C takes 2 hours
for fabrication, 4 hours for finishing,
Question 3a. An investor
is considering investing in two securities 'A' and 'B'. The risk and return
associated with these securities is different. Security 'A' gives a return of
9% and has a risk factor of 5 on a scale of zero to 10. Security 'B' gives
return of 15% but has risk factor of 8. Total amount to be invested is Rs.
500000/- Total minimum returns on the investment should be 12%. Maximum
combined risk should not be more than 6. Formulate as LPP. (5 Marks)
Ans 3A.
Introduction
There has been a decision made to invest a certain amount
of money into various securities, 'A' and 'B'. With respect to risk and
interest, the securities' risk component and interest rate are both consistent
with cents. The investor's notion of investing a sum of Rs. 5, 00,000/- inside
the
Question 3b. There is
a small company
in Mysore which
has recently become
engaged in the production of office furniture. The
company manufactures tables, desks and chairs. The production of a table requires 8 kgs of wood
and 5 kgs of metal and is sold for Rs 8000; a desk uses 6 kgs of wood and 4 kgs
of metal and is sold for Rs 6000; and a chair requires 4 kgs of both metal and
wood and is sold for Rs 5000. We would like to determine the revenue maximizing
strategy for this company, given that their resources are limited to 100 kgs of
wood and 60 kgs of metal. How will much bigger company (like IKEA) determine
the appropriate amount of money that should be offered for a unit of each type
of resource, such that the offer will be acceptable to the smaller company
while minimizing the expenditures of the larger company. (5 Marks)
Ans 3B.
Introduction
Small businesses sell office furniture. One of these
companies is quite successful. Furniture like tables, chairs, and desks are one
of the things that they promote to their customers. There are specific portions
of wooden and metal objects that are used to lead them to their destination. It
is important to note that the tables, chairs and desks are not included in the
fee. Rates will vary
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