NMIMS
Course:
Business Economics
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
Its
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JUNE 2020,
your last date is 15 june 2020.
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1. The concept of elasticity for
demand is importance for determining the prices of various factors of
production. Discuss the various factors that influences the price elasticity of
demand.
Answer: The term elasticity is borrowed from physics. It shows the
reaction of one variable with respect to a change in other variables on which
it is dependent. Elasticity is an index of reaction.
In
economics the term elasticity refers to a ratio of the relative changes in two
quantities. It measures the responsiveness of one variable to the changes in
another variable.
Elasticity
of demand is generally defined as the responsiveness or sensitiveness of demand
to a given change in the price of a commodity. It refers to the capacity of
demand either to stretch or shrink to a given change in price. Elasticity of
demand indicates a ratio of relative changes in two quantities.ie, price and
demand. According to prof. Boulding. “Elasticity of demand measures the
responsiveness of demand to changes in price” 1 In the words of Marshall,” The
elasticity (or responsiveness) of demand in a market is great or small
according to the
2. Complete the hypothetical table
below and explain in brief, the behaviour of each type of cost.
|
Quantity
|
Total Fixed Cost
|
Total Variable Cost
|
Total Cost
|
Average Fixed Cost
|
Average Variable Cost
|
Total Cost
|
Marginal Cost
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
|
25
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
40
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
50
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
60
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
100
|
80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
110
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
|
150
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
|
|
300
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9
|
|
500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10
|
|
900
|
|
|
|
|
|
Answer: Fixed Cost
refers to total money expenses incurred on fixed inputs like plant, machinery,
tools & equipments in the short run. Total fixed cost corresponds to the
fixed inputs in the short run production function. TFC remains the same at all
levels of output in the short run. It is the same when output is nil. It
indicates that whatever may be the quantity of output, whether 1 to 6 units,
TFC remains constant. The TFC curve is horizontal and parallel to OX-axis,
showing that it is constant regardless of out put per unit of time. TFC starts
from a point on Y-axis indicating that the total fixed cost will be incurred
even if the output is zero.
TFC
= TC - TVC
Variable Cost refers to total money expenses incurred on the variable
factor inputs like raw materials, power, fuel, water, transport and
communication etc, in the short run. Total variable cost corresponds
3. Demand forecasting in an
organisations plays a vital role in business organisations. It provides
reasonable data for the organization's capital investment and expansion
decision.
a. Keeping the above statement in
consideration. Discuss the various steps involved in demand forecasting
b. Discuss the various needs for
demand forecasting in business organisations?
Answer: a) Demand forecasting seeks to investigate and measure the
forces that determine sales for existing and new products. Generally, companies
plan their business - production or sales in anticipation of future demand.
Hence forecasting future demand becomes important. The art of successful
business lies in avoiding or minimizing the risks involved as far as possible
and face the uncertainties in a most befitting manner. Thus Demand Forecasting refers to an estimation of
most likely future demand for product under given conditions.
Various steps involved in demand
forecasting
1. Determining
the objectives: The first step in this
regard is to consider the objectives of sales forecasting carefully.
2. Period
of forecasting: Before taking up
forecasting, the company has to decide the period of forecasting — Whether it
NMIMS
Course:
Financial accounting and analysis
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
1. Ms. Sandipa is the accounts
executive for a company called SS Enterprises. Her job description requires her
to supervise the process of recording of the transactions of business and to
ensure that all accounting assumptions are taken care of. However, her junior
executive is confused about the concepts of the accounting period assumption
and the Separate entity assumption. Elaborate how Sandipa can explain the concepts
to her junior with the help of suitable example.
Answer: Many authorities have defined accounting and a study of
these definitions will help in understanding the meaning of accounting. Some of
the commonly accepted definitions are given here as stated by:
1. American Institute of Certified
Public Accountants ( AICPA)
“The art of recording, classifying,
summarising, analysing and interpreting the business transactions
systematically and communicating business results to interested users is
accounting”
2. The American Accounting
Association (AAA)
“Accounting
is the process of identifying, measuring and communicating economic information
to permit informed judgments and decisions by the users of the information”
Accounting
principles may be defined as those rules of action adopted by accountants
universally while recording accounting transactions. ‘They are a body of
doctrines commonly associated with the theory and procedures of accounting,
serving as an explanation of current practices and as a guide for selection of
conventions or procedures where alternatives exist’. These principles can be
classified into the following two categories:
(i)
Accounting concepts\
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2. Marry Kom is planning to invest
in the share market. She has a profile of risk seeker investor but she believes
that before investing it’s important to understand market ratios effectively.
Discuss any five market ratios with their importance that Marry Kom should look
into before undertaking any investment decision.
Answer: Ratio Analysis is “separation or breaking up of anything
into its elements or component parts”. Ratio analysis is therefore a technique
of analysis and interpreting various ratios for helping in making certain decisions.
It involves the methods of calculating and interpreting financial ratios to
assess the firm’s performance and status. The ratio analysis is one of the most
powerful tools of financial analysis. The analysis is not restricted to any one
aspect but takes into account all aspects such as earning capacity of the firm,
financial obligation, liquidity and solvency aspects, liquidity and
profitability concepts.
Steps in Ratio Analysis
Ratio
analysis can provide you with this information in three steps:
1. Calculate the firm’s ratios for the current or
recent period. Ratios are calculated from the firm’s income statement or
balance sheet. It is helpful and sometimes necessary to have the financial
statement independently audited.
2.
Compare these ratios
3. The following information is
available in relation to Britannia Baby Company. The Company has profit before
taxes of Rs 50 lacs.
a. Classify and give reasons for the
cash flows falling under the operating activities
b. Classify and give reasons for the
cash flows falling under the investing activities
Particulars Amount Rs in (Lacs)
1. Tangible assets purchased during
the year 75
2. Depreciation charged on these
tangible assets for the year @ 10% ?
3. Stock sold for the year 95
4. Loan given to Big Boy Company 150
5. Interest received from Big Boy
company for the said loan @11.5% ?
6. Shares purchased of a company
called as Arvind Mills 10
7. Dividend Received from Arvind
Mills 1
8. Taxes paid for the year @ 30% ?
Answer: Cash flow from
Operating Activities:
Operating
activities are the principal revenue producing activities of the enterprise.
Therefore, they generally result from the transactions and other events that
enter into the determination of net profit or loss. The amount of cash flows
arising from operating activities is a key indicator of the extent to which the
operations of the enterprise have generated sufficient cash flows to maintain
the operating capability of the enterprise, pay dividends, repay loans and make
new investments without recourse to external source of financing. Information
about the specific
NMIMS
Course:
Information systems for managers
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
1. Customers today are using
different channels to engage constantly with their preferred brands. These
customers are responsible for spreading electronic word-of mouth thereby
influencing others. You have recently started your venture of an online grocery
store. As an organization that has traditionally been dealing with customer’s
offline, you realize the need to turn to using customer relationship management
software to engage with your customers. What are the pros and cons of using
this as a means to engage with customers effectively? Justify your standpoint.
Answer: CRM is implemented by the company to provide more velocity
to their effort in maintaining lifetime customer and customer loyalty. CRM can
benefit both the company and the customers. The information stored in CRM helps
the company to get more information about the customers. The customers get the
benefit of the desired quality of services. To build in a great relationship
with the customer and to make a successful customer development process, you
need to know upright marketing. Customer care and handling processes are
systematized and marketing budgets can be optimally allocated to target
specific groups. On the long term CRM will allow to maximize the customer life
time value of each relationship where relationship is not the sum of punctual
sales of poorly related products anymore but turns to the delivery of a
consistent value proposition accompanying the customer in every stage of his
life.
Points to check before implementing
CRM system
✔
Customer relationship
management is based on a rigorous segmentation analysis. It is designed to
achieve specific marketing goals. CRM cannot be implemented without conducting
segmentation analyses and determining marketing goals. Sometimes companies make
the error of delegating customer relationship management to the chief
information
2. Green IT (green information
technology) is the practice of environmentally sustainable computing. Green IT
aims to minimize the negative impact of IT operations on the environment by
designing, manufacturing, operating and disposing of computers and computer-related
products in an environmentally-friendly manner. As a digital consultant to a
mid-size organization what approaches to Green computing will you recommend to
this organization? What are the benefits an organization can reap by
implementing green practices?
Answer: Environmental sustainability involves making decisions and
taking action that are in the interests of protecting the natural world, with
particular emphasis on preserving the capability of the environment to support
human life. It is an important topic in the present time, as people are
realising the full impact that businesses and individuals can have on the
environment. Environmental sustainability is about making responsible decisions
that will reduce your business’ negative impact on the environment. It is not
simply about reducing the amount of waste you produce or using less energy, but
is concerned with developing processes that will lead to businesses becoming
completely sustainable in the future.
As
mentioned in the question, Green Information Technology (IT) aims to minimize
the negative impact of IT operations on the environment by designing,
manufacturing, operating and disposing of computers and computer-related
products in an environmentally-friendly manner. This concept is not new but it
emerged way back in 1992 when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency launched
Energy Star, a voluntary labeling program that helps organizations save money
and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by identifying products that offer superior
3. The Indian mobile market has
grown significantly over the past couple of years. The gaming industry is
undergoing a massive evolution because of the mobile revolution. Investments
from big players such as Alibaba, Tencent, Nazara and Youzu has led to a rapid
growth of gaming in India. The market value of the gaming industry in India was
around 62 billion Indian rupees in 2019 and was estimated to go up to over 250
billion rupees by 2024. As the country with the largest youth population in the
world, India is embracing the new generation's interests in digital sports and
entertainment. Approximately 55 percent of casual gamers and 66 percent of the
heavy gamers across India were seen to be below 24 years old in 2016. Of these,
the heavy gamers simply preferred to use their mobile phones as gaming devices
instead of the traditional desktops or even laptops. Mobile gaming in the
country is growing at a rapid rate due to development and affordability of
smartphones. The market value of mobile gaming in India was estimated to reach
about 405 million U.S. dollars by 2022. The number of mobile phone gamers was
anticipated to be around 628 million by 2020 according to the forecast.
Computer and console gaming has played a huge part in shaping up the gaming industry
across the country in the last two decades.
(Source:
https://www.statista.com/topics/4639/online-gaming-in-india/)
a. What are the different
cyber-crimes that can be caused by playing online games? Give examples.
b. How would you educate your
customers to prevent them from being a victim to cybercrime while playing
online games?
Answer: a) Security incidents and violations refer to IS security
problems that arise from threat. They range from a single virus occurrence to a
hacker attacking many networked systems or unauthorised access to sensitive
data and loss of mission-critical data. The advancement of technology has
increased the cyber-crime and a large number of tech-savvy hackers are
attacking many online users.
Security incidents and violations
can:
●
Damage the security
controls and procedures.
●
Result in theft, fraud,
or other criminal activity committed with the aide of resources.
●
Result in data loss and
vandalism of hardware and software of IS
Different cyber-crimes
Hacking: Hacking is one of the oldest and most used cyber-crime in
the world. Using this technique, hackers steal your personal and financial
information and later misuse it. For many gamers, chatting with other players
is a fun way to immerse themselves into the gaming community. However, chatting
with strangers comes with risks. Just like in the real world, not everyone has
good intentions. Some cyber criminals may try to lure you to give information
about yourself so they can hack your personal or gaming accounts. To avoid
this, stick to talking about the game, rather than your personal life.
Phishing: Phishing, also known as “spoofing”, happens when a cyber
criminal tricks you into giving information
Its
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NMIMS Fully solved assignment available for session
JUNE 2020,
your last date is 15 june 2020.
Lowest
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NMIMS
Course:
Management theory and practice
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
1. M/s Landmark Construction is
facing severe issues between the Management & its union on salaries and
other matters. Both the parties are extremely strong & are not willing to
budge from their respective stands. As an external consultant, you have been
advised to identify & verify all possible conflict resolution techniques.
Enlist the advantages & disadvantages of each of these techniques &
suggest the best possible conflict resolution technique to solve this standoff
between the management & the union.
Answer: According to Gray and Starke – "Conflict is behaviour
by a person or group that is purposely designed to inhibit the attainment of
goals by another person or group. This 'purposeful inhibition may be active or
passive."
From
the above definitions we can state that conflict most commonly arises from four
circumstances:
1. Conflict can occur when individuals or groups
perceive they have mutually exclusive goals or values.
2. Behaviour designed to defeat, reduce or suppress
an opponent may cause conflict.
3. Groups that face each other with mutually
opposing actions and counter actions cause conflict, and
4. If each group attempts to create a relatively
favoured position vis-Ã -vis the other, conflict may ensue.
Conflict resolution techniques:
Avoidance – In this
Its
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JUNE 2020,
your last date is 15 june 2020.
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After
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2. You have been appointed as an
external consultant to M/s PoleStar & Co. It has been observed that
employees are currently unsatisfied with the policies of the company &
furthermore, a lot of employees have been leaving the organization. What would
you do to motivate existing employees & to get hold of new talent from the
marketplace. Suggest at least 5 innovative approaches towards employee motivation
Answer: Motivation is “the process that account for an
individual’s intensity, direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a
goal.” Intensity is concerned with how hard a person tries. This is the element
most of us focus on when we talk about motivation. Direction is the orientation
that benefits the organisation. And persistence is a measure of how long a
person can maintain his/her effort. Motivated individuals stay with a task long
enough to achieve their goal.
Motivation is important to an individual
because:
●
Motivation helps to
achieve personal goals.
●
Motivation gives job
satisfaction.
●
Motivation helps in
self-development of individual.
●
An individual would
always gain by working with a dynamic team.
Similarly, motivation is important
to a business because:
●
The more motivated the
employees are, the more empowered the team is.
●
The more is the team
work and individual employee contribution, more profitable and successful is
the business.
●
During period of change,
there is more adaptability and creativity.
●
Motivation leads to an
optimistic
3.a. Perform a SWOT analysis on IBM
USA?
3.b. Which type of Organizational
structure does IBM follow (Functional, Divisional or Matrix?) & enlist the
advantages & disadvantages of this form?
Answer: a) SWOT is an abbreviation for Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats. SWOT analysis is a strategic planning method used to
evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a
project or in a business venture. It involves specifying the objective of the
business venture or project and identifying the internal and external factors
that are favorable and unfavorable to achieve that objective. SWOT analysis is
an important tool for auditing the overall strategic position of a business and
its environment. Strengths and weaknesses are internal factors.
SWOT analysis of IBM
Strengths
Brand value: IBM USA is
NMIMS
Course:
Marketing management
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
Mr. Amish has written a self-help
book “Happy Happy” which can be read by people from all walks of life. The book
revolves around a core idea of being happy in all stages of life. The publisher
doesn’t have any distribution network of its own. Mr. Amish delivers session in
many management schools on the topic “Happiness”. He is very popular among
students and corporate. He also delivers session as a key note speaker in many
management conclaves and seminars. Mr. Amish has no online and social media
presence. He doesn’t write blogs or articles. Mr. Amish is a good author but
has no idea about marketing and distribution of books. He hires you as a
Marketing consultant for overall marketing and distribution of books.
1. What are the distribution
channels that you will use to distribute the product across Indian market?
Explain the same with reason.
Answer: Every marketing activity starts and ends with the
customer. The customer is the ultimate target for a marketer. The availability
of the product in the market depends on the efficacy of the distribution
channel. Therefore, the distribution channel plays a significant role in the
marketing activities. The success of a company’s marketing effort depends upon
its command on the distribution network. The company can reach customers either
directly through its own sales force (called direct marketing) or through a set
of intermediaries and channel members (called indirect marketing).
The channels of distribution perform
the following functions:
a.
They facilitate the physical
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2. Suggest the Geographic,
Demographic and behavioural segmentation for the book “Happy Happy”
Answer: A market segment is a portion of a larger market in which
the individuals, groups, or organisations share one or more characteristics
that cause them to have relatively similar product needs.
Five conditions must exist for
segmentation to be meaningful:
1.
A marketer must determine whether the market is heterogeneous. If the
consumers‟ product needs are homogeneous, then it is senseless to segment the market.
2.
There must be some logical basis to identify and divide the population in
relatively distinct homogeneous groups, having common needs or characteristics
and who will respond to a marketing programme.
3.
The total market should be divided in such a manner that comparison of
estimated sales potential, costs and profits of each segment can be estimated.
4.
One or more segments must have enough profit potential that would justify
developing and maintaining a marketing programme.
5.
It must be possible to reach the target segment effectively. For instance, in
some rural areas in India, there are no media that can be used to reach the
targeted groups. It is also possible that paucity of funds prohibits the
development required for a promotional campaign.
Various ways to segment
3. a. Explain five online social
media platform through which you will promote the book.
3. b. Explain the buyer decision
making process for purchasing a self-help book.
Answer: a) Amish may
promote the book online in following ways:
Facebook pages and ads: Facebook is the most used social media platform in our
country. We find almost all the individuals on Facebook and that is why, this
is the main advantage to promote your brand on it. Amish may create its page on
Facebook and start posting about its book and its features. In the current
scenario, Facebook is largely used for creating pages to promote businesses,
companies, products, movies, shows and celebrities. It has proved to be the
best site for any person who wants to socialize and globalize. Amish may create
one FB page and post the literature videos, about his latest or upcoming books,
other related things etc.
Blog: Blog is also a very famous way to reach out to your
potential customers where you can post everything about your business and
connect with your customers for their feedback. As Amish has just launched his
new book, it should create one blog page, where it can display all the relevant
information
NMIMS
Course:
Organizational behavior
Internal
Assignment for June 2020 Examination
1. Leadership is said to be a vital
quality which is becoming very rare in the organisations. It would not be wrong
if we say that it is a progression where an individual solicits the backing of
other entities for the completion of mutual objectives. The leaders are the
visionaries and also act as a catalyst in terms of influencing and inspiring
others. Based on the above statements discuss the significance of leadership in
any organisation. Conclude by answering that how the organisation would fare if
leadership is not right?
Answer: According to Koontz and O’Donnell “Leadership is the
process of influencing others towards the accomplishment of the goal. It is the
ability of a manager to induce subordinates to work with zeal and confidence”.
In other words we can say that leadership is a process which influences people
to work for the fulfilment of the goal. Every leader is known by his followers
so leaders continuously influence the behavior of the followers.
A
leader performs various functions while motivating people towards achieving
organizational goals. A Leader helps in creating a healthy environment so that
employees can work with efficiency. He is the representative of the group.
Leaders also act as counsellors who listen to their subordinates, remove
obstacles and keep the employees happy at the work place. A leader makes the
followers obey his order.
There are certain characteristics of
leadership which help us in understanding leadership.
●
Leadership is a process
of influence.
●
Leadership is related to
a situation. The ability of a leader is determined by his skills or capacity to
handle a situation to allow his subordinates to work with freedom and
independence.
●
Leadership is a function
of stimulation. A leader should set attainable goals and inspire people in such
a manner that individuals and organizational goals do not contradict each
other.
●
Leadership
2. Harvey and Louis are Team leaders
of team A and B respectively. Harvey is very open to feedback and does not let
his perception rule his decision. He takes action based on facts and figures
whereas Louis get carried away with his perception. Team A is very happy and
motivated team which is clearly visible by their performance and just the
reverse goes for team B. Louis takes aid from a self-help book where he reads about
the managerial implications of perception. When he does a self-analysis he
understood that all this while he was working totally under the influence of
his perception. Louis decides to take a plunge and modify his behaviour.
Discuss any three managerial implications of perception and conclude by stating
that what could have made Louis change his way of behaving?
Answer: As per Robbins, a noted thinker on OB, “Perception is the
process by which individuals organise and interpret their sensory impressions
in order to give meaning to their environment.” Environment consists of other
people and situations connected to the perceiver for some reasons. Perception
is perhaps the most important aspect of OB that we use in our daily life and in
management.
The importance of perception is:
●
While creating vision
for an organisation, our perception of the future and the way things should be
is a deciding factor.
●
While making strategy,
out perception of the opportunities and threats make us see the same situation
differently.
●
Perception gives the
impetus to seek more information to make more rational decisions
3. Karan and Jacob are co-workers.
They both are working in the same project but their work values are very
different from each other. Karan belongs to GenX (The X Generation) and relies
a lot on the team-work as well as its (team’s) progression and upliftment,
whereas Jacob is from GenY (The Y Generation) or the Millennial and for him
self-reliance is more important. Though they share a great personal rapport
they always are found having disagreements at work.
a. Explain the reason for their
disagreement? It is natural to have such disagreement, give concluding remarks
for the Jacob
b. Introduce the value system of
your generation. Discuss the rest of the generations and their values?
Answer: a) As per the question, Karan belongs to GenX and Jacob
belongs to GenY so their attitude is really different in terms of working
style, decision making etc. Attitudes are also known as "frames of
reference." They provide the background against which facts and events are
viewed. It becomes necessary to know the attitudes of members of an
organisation because they have to perceive specific aspects like pay, hours of
work, promotion, etc. of their work life in the wider context of their
generalised attitudes. Attitudes are also known as "frames of
reference."
Attitude and behaviour should normally be consistent. When
there is inconsistency, disagreement takes place, which is explained by
Cognitive Dissonance Theory by Leon Festinger (1950). The desire to reduce
disagreement would be determined by 1) importance of the element creating
disagreement e.g., if the pay difference is insignificant and the idea of
equity is not so dominant in the individual, he/she may not react to the
disagreement; 2) influence of the disagreement e.g., if the influence of the
disagreement is low and it is possible to rationalise and justify it, and 3)
rewards e.g., if the inherent tension is high disagreement tends to be reduced
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